人工回灌水-岩接触面微生物膜效应研究  

The Effect of Biofilm on the Water-Rock Contact Surface During Artificial Recharge

作　　者：夏璐 高晓兵 孙振洲 李彬 XIA Lu;GAO Xiaobing;SUN Zhenzhou;LI Bin(College of Earth Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所页岩气与地质工程重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第2期9-16,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41902250);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019BD041)。

摘　　要：人工回灌是解决地下水超采问题的有效措施之一。在回灌过程中,由于回灌水源和目标含水层存在明显的物理、化学和生物梯度,导致水-岩接触面上发生强烈且复杂的生物地球化学反应,进而在回灌过程中引起含水层的堵塞。目前,学界对含水层微生物堵塞的研究主要集中在介质内部,而对回灌水和介质(水-岩)接触面上微生物膜的形成规律及其对介质渗透性影响的定量研究则相对缺乏。文章选取山东省青岛市大沽河下游地下水源地为研究区,开展回灌模拟试验。分析水-岩接触面上细菌的生长规律及其分泌胞外聚合物特征,解析微生物膜效应下含水介质渗透性的时空变化规律,揭示人工回灌过程中水-岩接触面微生物膜对含水层堵塞的影响机制。研究表明,膜效应是导致含水层微生物堵塞的关键,破坏已形成的生物膜可以迅速恢复介质透水性。水-岩接触面上微生物堵塞的演变可以分为3个阶段:缓慢堵塞期、快速堵塞期以及稳定堵塞期。该研究可为人工回灌含水层堵塞的防治和地下水资源的可持续利用提供重要科学依据和理论支撑。Artificial recharge is a crucial strategy for addressing groundwater over-exploitation.Significant physical,chemical,and biological gradients exist between the recharge water and the target aquifer during artificial recharge process.These gradients lead to intricate biogeochemical reactions at the water-rock contact surface,ultimately triggering aquifer clogging.While existing research on bioclogging primarily focuses on internal processes within the aquifer media,there remains a relative dearth of quantitative investigation into the biofilm formation patterns at the water-rock contact surface and their impact on the permeability of aquifer.In this study,an underground water source downstream of Dagu River in Qingdao City,Shandong Province was selected as the study area.A series of laboratory-scale percolation experi⁃ments were conducted to analyze the characteristics of bacterial growth and extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)secre⁃tion at the water-rock contact surface.Meanwhile,the temporal and spatial changes in the hydraulic conductivity of me⁃dia was also studied to reveal the effect of biofilm at the water-rock contact surface on aquifer bioclogging during the artificial recharge process.The results showed that the interfacial biofilm played a crucial role in the aquifer bioclogging,and disrupted the established biofilm could promptly restore the media permeability.The evolution of bioclogging at the water-rock contact surface included three stages:slow clogging,rapid clogging,and stable clogging.This study provides essential scientific insights and theoretical support for effective artificial recharge aquifers and ensuring sustainable ground⁃water resource utilization.

关 键 词：人工回灌 微生物堵塞 微生物膜 细菌 胞外聚合物 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P641.25[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]