发酵柑橘渣对90~120日龄清远麻鸡营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标以及盲肠微生物数量和臭气物质排放的影响  

Effects of Fermented Citrus Pomace on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Serum Biochemical Indices,Cecal Microbial Number and Odor Substance Emission of Qingyuan Partridge Chickens from 90 to 120 Days of Age

作　　者：杨攀 唐延天 李贞明 马现永 罗志辉 黄伟文 余苗 YANG Pan;TANG Yantian;LI Zhenming;MA Xianyong;LUO Zhihui;HUANG Weiwen;YU Miao(Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Huangmang Ecological Agriculture Farm,Longping Town,Lianzhou City,Qingyuan 513400,China;Xufeng Farming and Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Kaiping City,Jiangmen 529300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,猪禽种业全国重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广东省畜禽肉品质量安全控制与评定工程技术研究中心,广州510640 [2]连州市龙坪镇黄芒生态农业农场,清远513400 [3]开平市旭峰农牧有限公司,江门529300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第5期2958-2969,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：清远市科技计划项目(2021DZX018);江门市科技计划项目(2021660200370006997);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)(R2023PY⁃JX015,R2020YJ⁃YB2002);广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金(2023TS⁃3,2023KJ465);广东省省级科技计划项目(2023B0202010020);广东省清远市清城区现代农业产业园;猪禽种业全国重点实验室(2023GZ16,2023QZ⁃NK09,ZQQZ⁃03)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加发酵柑橘渣对清远麻鸡营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标以及盲肠微生物数量和臭气物质排放的影响。试验选取90日龄、体重相近且健康的清远麻鸡母鸡540只,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加10%柑橘渣(柑橘渣组)和10%发酵柑橘渣(发酵柑橘渣组)的饲粮。试验期30 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,发酵柑橘渣组粗蛋白质表观消化率有提高的趋势(0.05<P<0.10)。2)与对照组相比,发酵柑橘渣组清远麻鸡血清尿酸和总胆固醇含量以及谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),血清葡萄糖含量显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,柑橘渣组和发酵柑橘渣组清远麻鸡盲肠双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium)数量显著增加(P<0.05);发酵柑橘渣组盲肠乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)数量显著增加(P<0.05),盲肠大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和梭菌Ⅳ群(Clostridium clusterⅣ)数量显著减少(P<0.05)。与对照组或柑橘渣组相比,发酵柑橘渣组清远麻鸡盲肠乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、乳酸和总短链脂肪酸含量显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,发酵柑橘渣组清远麻鸡盲肠对甲酚、吲哚、粪臭素和氨态氮含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加发酵柑橘渣可以提高清远麻鸡粗蛋白质表观消化率,增加盲肠有益菌数量,减少盲肠有害菌数量,并通过提高盲肠有机酸含量,降低臭气物质含量,维持机体健康,且作用效果优于饲粮中添加柑橘渣。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fermented citrus pomace on nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices,cecal microbial number and odor substance emission of Qingyuan partridge chickens.A total of 540 healthy 90⁃day⁃old Qingyuan partridge hens with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 hens per replicate.Chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemen⁃ted with 10%citrus pomace(citrus pomace group)and 10%fermented citrus pomace(fermented citrus pom⁃ace group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the crude protein apparent digestibility in fermented citrus pomace group had a tendency to be increased(0.05<P<0.10).2)Compared with the control group,the contents of uric acid and total choles⁃terol and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity in serum of Qingyuan partridge chickens in fermented citrus pomace group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the glucose content in serum was significantly in⁃creased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the Bifidobacterium number in cecum of Qingyuan partridge chickens in citrus pomace group and fermented citrus pomace group was significantly increased(P<0.05);the Lactobacillus number in cecum in fermented citrus pomace group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the numbers of Escherichia coli and Clostridium clusterⅣin cecum were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group or citrus pomace group,the contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,lactic acid and total short⁃chain fatty acid in cecum of Qingyuan partridge chickens in fer⁃mented citrus pomace group were significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the contents of p⁃cresol,indole,skatole and ammonia nitrogen in cecum of Qingyuan partridge chickens in fermen⁃ted citrus pomace group were significan

关 键 词：发酵柑橘渣 清远麻鸡 表观消化率 血清生化指标 盲肠微生物 臭气物质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]