高粱替代玉米对颗粒饲料质量和肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及营养物质表观消化率的影响  

Effects of Replacing Corn with Sorghum on Pellet Feed Quality and Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Broilers

作　　者：廖莹 李星 杨洁 李军国[1,3] 李俊 沈水宝[4] 刘巍 高秋玲 隆育瑶 LIAO Ying;LI Xing;YANG Jie;LI Junguo;LI Jun;SHEN Shuibao;LIU Wei;GAO Qiuling;LONG Yuyao(Institute of Feed Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Risk Assessment Laboratory of Animal Product Quality Safety Feed Source Factors of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530004 [3]农业农村部动物产品质量安全饲料源性因子风险评估实验室,北京100081 [4]广西大学农牧产业发展研究院,南宁530004

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第5期2970-2981,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300300);中国农业科学院创新工程项目(IFR-ZDRW202303,CAAS-ASTIP-2023-FRI-06)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究高粱替代玉米对颗粒饲料质量和肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及营养物质表观消化率的影响。本试验以960只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡为研究对象,将其随机分成6组,每组8个重复,每个重复20只鸡。试验分为饲养前期(1~21日龄)和后期(22~42日龄)2个阶段。对照组饲喂不添加高粱的常规玉米-豆粕型饲粮,试验组饲喂以高粱分别替代常规玉米-豆粕型饲粮中20%、40%、60%、80%和100%玉米的试验饲粮。结果显示:1)在颗粒饲料质量方面,随着高粱替代玉米比例的增加,颗粒饲料的成型率总体呈上升趋势,但各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);颗粒饲料的颗粒耐久性(PDI)呈先降低后升高的趋势,且均高于90%;颗粒饲料的硬度、淀粉糊化度以及亮度(L^(*))、红度(a^(*))和黄度(b^(*))值均持续降低。20%替代组与对照组在颗粒饲料成型率、硬度、PDI及色泽方面均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)在肉鸡生长性能方面,随着高粱替代玉米比例的增加,肉鸡各阶段的末重、平均日采食量、平均日增重及死淘率均呈下降趋势,料重比呈上升趋势。20%替代组与对照组相比,肉鸡各阶段的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)在屠宰性能、肠道指数和肉品质方面,各组肉鸡的屠宰性能指标、各肠段相对长度和相对重量以及腿肌和胸肌的L*和a*值均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)在营养物质表观消化率方面,随着高粱替代玉米比例的增加,饲养前期和后期的粗蛋白质和干物质表观消化率均呈下降趋势,在饲养后期20%替代组与对照组粗蛋白质和干物质表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,综合考虑高粱替代玉米对颗粒饲料质量以及肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道发育、肉品质及营养物质表观消化率的影响,建议肉鸡饲粮中高粱替代玉米比例在前期不超过20%,在后期不超过60%。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of replacing corn with sorghum on pellet feed quality and growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and nutrient apparent digestibility of broilers.A total of 960 one⁃day⁃old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were randomly divided into 6 groups with 8 replicates of 20 broilers each.The experiment was divided into two stages:the early stage(1 to 21 days of age)and the late stage(22 to 42 days of age).Broilers in the control group were fed a conventional corn⁃soy⁃bean meal diet without sorghum,and those in the experimental groups were fed diets with 20%,40%,60%,80%and 100%sorghum replacing corn based on the conventional corn⁃soybean meal diet,respectively.The results showed as follows:1)in terms of pellet feed quality,with the increase of the proportion of sorghum re⁃placing corn,the pellet feed forming rate showed an overall upward trend,but there was no significant differ⁃ence between groups(P>0.05);the pellet durability index(PDI)of pellet feed decreased first and then in⁃creased,and all were higher than 90%;the hardness and starch gelatinization degree,and lightness(L^(*)),redness(a^(*))and yellowness(b^(*))values of pellet feed were consistently decreased.There were no significant differences in forming rate,hardness,PDI and color of pellet feed between the 20%replacement group and the control group(P>0.05).2)In terms of broilers’growth performance,with the increase of the proportion of sorghum replacing corn,the final body weight(FBW),average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG)and mortality of broilers at each stage showed a downward trend,and the feed/gain ratio(F/G)showed an upward trend.There were no significant differences in the ADG,ADFI and F/G of broilers at each stage between the 20%replacement group and the control group(P>0.05).3)In terms of slaughter perform⁃ance,intestinal indexes and meat quality,there were no significant differences in the slaughter performance in⁃dexes,relative length and relative weight of e

关 键 词：高粱 颗粒饲料质量 肉鸡 生长性能 肉品质 营养物质表观消化率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]