紫马铃薯皮粉对黑水虻幼虫生长性能、废弃物消减率、虫体营养组分及肠道微生物的影响  

Effects of Purple Potato Peel Powder on Growth Performance,Waste Reduction Rate,Body Nutrient Components and Intestinal Microorganisms of Black Soldier Fly Larvae

作　　者：郝建伟 苏艳玲[1] 赵佳 李松龄[2] 刘爽[3] HAO Jianwei;SU Yanling;ZHAO Jia;LI Songling;LIU Shuang(Department of Biological Science and Technology,Jinzhong University,Jinzhong 030619,China;Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Xining 810016,China;Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]晋中学院生物科学与技术系,晋中030619 [2]青海省农林科学院,西宁810016 [3]山西大学黄土高原研究所,太原030006

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第5期3329-3339,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：小店区-山西大学产学研合作项目(2023);山西省科技合作交流专项(202104041101044);山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(2022L499);晋中市科技重点研发计划项目(Y202011)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究育成猪粪中添加紫马铃薯皮粉对黑水虻幼虫生长性能、废弃物消减率、虫体营养组分及肠道微生物的影响。选取4日龄黑水虻幼虫3 000只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复200只。对照组饲喂育成猪粪,试验组分别饲喂育成猪粪+2%紫马铃薯皮粉(2%添加组)、育成猪粪+4%紫马铃薯皮粉(4%添加组)、育成猪粪+6%紫马铃薯皮粉(6%添加组)和育成猪粪+8%紫马铃薯皮粉(8%添加组)。试验期16 d。结果表明:1)6%、8%添加组的幼虫平均干重显著低于对照组及2%、4%添加组(P<0.05)。各组之间废弃物消减率无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)4%、6%和8%添加组的粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),2%、4%、6%和8%添加组的粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)4%添加组的变形菌门相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),放线菌门、拟杆菌门、蓝菌门、疣微菌门、酸杆菌门相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)4%添加组的普罗威登斯菌属、Breznakia和肠球菌属相相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),狭窄梭菌属、土孢杆菌属、棒状杆菌属、罗姆布茨菌属和苏黎世杆菌属相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)狭窄梭菌属和土孢杆菌属相对丰度分别与幼虫平均干重、粗蛋白质含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而肠球菌属相对丰度与粗蛋白质含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。6)4%添加组的肠道微生物网络图连接数为3 138个,节点数为178个,高于其他各组,说明4%马铃薯皮粉添加比例下肠道最为复杂。由此可见,育成猪粪中添加4%紫马铃薯皮粉能在不影响幼虫平均干重和废弃物消减率情况下,提高虫体粗蛋白质含量,降低粗脂肪含量,有益于幼虫肠道健康,有利于提升昆虫蛋白质生产效率。This experiment was to investigate the effects of purple potato peel powder on growth performance,waste reduction rate,body nutrient components and intestinal microorganisms of black soldier fly larvae.Three thousand 4⁃day⁃old black soldier fly larvae were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 200 larvae per replicate.The control group was fed the growing pig manure,and the experimen⁃tal groups were fed the growing pig manure+2%purple potato peel powder(2%supplemental group),grow⁃ing pig manure+4%purple potato peel powder(4%supplemental group),growing pig manure+6%purple potato peel powder(6%supplemental group)and growing pig manure+8%purple potato peel powder(8%supplemental group).The experiment lasted for 16 days.1)the average dry weight of larvae of 6%and 8%supplemental groups was significantly lower than that of control group and 2%and 4%supplemental groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the waste reduction rate among all groups(P>0.05).2)The crude protein content of 4%,6%and 8%supplemental groups was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05),and the ether extract content of 2%,4%,6%and 8%supplemental groups was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).3)The Proteobacteria relative abundance of 4%supplemental group was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05),and the Actinobacteriota,Bacteroidota,Cyanobacteria,Verrucomicrobiota and Acidobacteriota relative abundances were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).4)The Providencia,Breznakia and Enterococcus relative abundances of 4%sup⁃plemental group were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05),and the Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,Terrisporobacter,Corynebacterium,Romboutsia and Turicibacter relative abundances were signifi⁃cantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).5)The Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Terrisporobacter relative abundances were significantly and positively correlated with average dry weight of larvae

关 键 词：紫马铃薯皮粉 猪粪 黑水虻幼虫 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]