不同比例全株油菜青贮替代全株玉米青贮对体外模拟瘤胃发酵参数的影响  

Effects of Different Proportions of Whole Rape Silage Replacing Whole Corn Silage on Simulated Rumen Fermentation Parameters in Vitro

作　　者：王乐 高帅[3] 张秀敏[2] 王敏[2] 郑琛[1] 王荣[2] WANG Le;GAO Shuai;ZHANG Xiumin;WANG Min;ZHENG Chen;WANG Rong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Changsha 410131,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [3]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,长沙410131

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第5期3363-3372,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：湖南省重大专项(2022NK2021);国家自然科学基金(32160803,32002204);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36);甘肃农业大学学科团队项目(GAU-XKTD-2022-20)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究不同比例全株油菜青贮替代全株玉米青贮对体外模拟瘤胃发酵总产气、氢气、甲烷和挥发性脂肪酸生成的影响。试验采用单因素试验设计,全株油菜青贮分别以0(对照)、25%、50%、75%和100%的比例替代全株玉米青贮,并选择3只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的湘东黑山羊作为瘤胃液供体,开展72 h体外模拟瘤胃发酵试验。结果表明:1)有机物降解率、每克底物的产气量、降解每克底物的产气量、潜在最大产气量、产气速率和起始底物降解速率,甲烷的每克底物的产气量、降解每克底物的产气量、潜在最大产气量和产气速率,以及氢气的消耗速率、总挥发性脂肪酸含量和丙酸比例均随全株油菜青贮替代比例的提高呈线性降低(P<0.05);氢气的每克底物的产气量、降解每克底物的产气量、潜在最大产气量和产生速率,pH、氨态氮含量以及乙酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸比例和乙酸/丙酸比值均随全株油菜青贮替代比例的提高呈线性提高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,当全株油菜青贮替代比例≥50%时,有机物降解率、每克底物的产气量、降解每克底物的产气量和产气速率,甲烷的每克底物的产气量、潜在最大产气量和产气速率以及丙酸比例均显著降低(P<0.05);氢气的降解每克底物的产气量、潜在最大产气量和产气速率,pH、氨态氮含量以及乙酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸比例和乙酸/丙酸比值均显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,全株油菜青贮替代玉米青贮虽然会对体外模拟瘤胃发酵甲烷生成产生抑制作用,但是当替代比例为50%时,发酵底物的有机物降解率显著降低,这说明全株油菜青贮替代玉米青贮的比例不宜超过50%。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different proportions of whole rape silage re⁃placing whole corn silage on total gas,hydrogen,methane and volatile fatty acid production of simulated ru⁃men fermentation in vitro.A single⁃factor experimental design was employed,with whole rape silage replacing whole corn silage at proportion of 0(control),25%,50%,75%,75%and 100%,respectively.Three Xiangdong black goats with permanent rumen fistula were selected as rumen fluid donors for a 72 h simulated rumen fermentation experiment in vitro.The results showed as follows:1)the organic matter degradation rate,gas production per gram of substrate,gas production per gram of degraded substrate,potential maximum gas production,gas production rate and initial substrate degradation rate,and the gas production per gram of sub⁃strate,gas production per gram of degraded substrate,potential maximum gas production and gas production rate of methane,as well as the hydrogen consumption rate,total volatile fatty acid content and propionic acid ratio were linearly decreased with the increase of whole rape silage proportion(P<0.05).The gas production per gram of substrate,gas production per gram of degraded substrate,potential maximum gas production and gas production rate of hydrogen,the pH,ammonia nitrogen content,acetic acid,isobutyric acid,valeric acid,isovaleric acid ratios and acetic acid to propionic acid ratio were all linearly increased with the increase of whole rape silage proportion(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,when the whole rape silage proportion≥50%,the organic matter degradation rate,gas production per gram of substrate,gas production per gram of degraded substrate and gas production rate,and the gas production per gram of substrate,potential maximum gas production and gas production rate of methane as well as propionic acid ratio were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the gas production per gram of degraded substrate,potential maximum gas production and gas production rate of hydrogen,the

关 键 词：体外模拟瘤胃发酵 全株油菜青贮 全株玉米青贮 甲烷 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]