小麦主推品种‘百农207’和‘百旱207’表型比较与分子标记分析  

Analysis of genetic differences between broad-grown wheat cultivar‘Bainong207’and‘Baihan207’based on phenotypic traits and molecular markers

作　　者：徐鑫[1] 付庆云[2] 袁嘉微 孙京京 余海鋆 孙国鹏[1] 李小军[2] XU Xin;FU Qingyun;YUAN Jiawei;SUN Jingjing;YU Haijun;SUN Guopeng;LI Xiaojun(School of Biological Engineering,Xinxiang University,Xinxiang 453003,China;College of Agronomy,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡学院生物工程学院,河南新乡453003 [2]河南科技学院农学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2024年第3期10-15,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102111085).

摘　　要：‘百农207’是目前黄淮南部麦区及河南省大面积种植的小麦品种。本试验利用表型、品质性状及分布于小麦全基因组的SSR和STS分子标记对‘百农207’及其系选品种‘百旱207’进行比较分析,以期为小麦育种亲本选配及新品种培育提供参考。分析结果表明,‘百农207’的株高(70.33 cm)显著低于‘百旱207’(79.17 cm);‘百农207’的穗粒数(49.88粒)、可育小穗数(21.50个)和总小穗数(23.67个)均高于‘百旱207’,但后者的千粒重(44.48 g)高于前者(37.24 g);‘百农207’的籽粒粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、淀粉含量、沉降值、出粉率及硬度指数均显著高于‘百旱207’。分子标记检测结果表明,485对引物中仅有62(12.8%)对在‘百农207’和‘百旱207’间存在差异,其中基因组SSR、EST-SSR和STS引物分别有46、3和13对。2个品种在D基因组的多态引物比例最高(21.3%),A和B基因组的多态引物比例基本一致(分别为11.5%和11.4%)。进一步分析它们在7个部分同源群及染色体水平的遗传差异,发现二者在第1、3和5部分同源群多态引物比例相对较高,分别为16.0%、16.3%和16.9%,而二者在7D染色体的遗传差异最大,多态引物比例达到50.0%。‘百农207’和‘百旱207’差异的染色体位点可能与品种具有的优良特性密切相关。The cultivar‘Bainong207’has been widely grown in the southern Huang-Huai Wheat Region and Henan Province.In this study,‘Bainong207’and Baihan207 were evaluated based on phenotypic and quality traits,as well as SSR and STS molecular markers,which is helpful in guiding the selection of breeding parents and new cultivars in wheat.The results showed that the plant height of‘Bainong207’(70.33 cm)was significantly lower than that of‘Baihan207’(79.17 cm).The numbers of grains per spike(49.88),fertile spikelet(21.50)and total spikelet(23.67)of‘Bainong207’were higher than those of‘Baihan207’.But the average thousand grain weight of‘Baihan207’(44.48 g)was higher than that of‘Bainong207’(37.24 g).Similarly,the grain protein content,wet gluten content,starch content,sedimentation value,flour yield and hardness index in the seeds of‘Bainong207’were higher than those of‘Baihan207’.Furthermore,only 62(12.8%)out of 485 markers that produced clear DNA bands,including 46 genomic SSR,3 EST-SSR and 13 sequence-tagged site markers,exhibited differential amplification between‘Bainong207’and‘Baihan207’.The most polymorphic markers(21.3%)between‘Bainong207’and‘Baihan207’were found in D genome,and the proportions of polymorphic markers in A(11.5%)and B(11.4%)genomes were basically the same.The genetic differences were also analyzed on either 7 homologous groups or 21 wheat chromosomes.The proportions of polymorphic markers were relatively high in homologous groups 1(16.0%),3(16.3%)and 5(16.9%).On chromosomal level,more genetic differences were detected on chromosome 7D,where the rate of polymorphic markers was up to 50.0%.These different genomic regions found between‘Bainong207’and‘Baihan207’are likely closely related to their excellent characteristics.

关 键 词：百农207 百旱207 农艺 品质 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]