新疆苹果褐色斑点果腐病病原菌的鉴定  

Identification of the pathogen of apple brown spot fruit rot in Xinjiang

作　　者：苏宣乐 常晓云 张王斌[1] SU Xuane;CHANG Xiaoyun;ZHANG Wangbin(Tarim University,Key Laboratory of Southern Xinjiang Agricultural Pest Control Corps,Alar Crop Pest Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学,南疆农业有害生物综合治理兵团重点实验室,农业农村部阿拉尔作物有害生物科学观测实验站,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第5期106-110,134,共6页China Fruits

基　　金：兵团财政科技计划资助(重点领域科技攻关计划项目,2018AB038):南疆枝枯病动态监测及防控关键技术集成研究。

摘　　要：为明确新疆苹果褐色斑点果腐病病原菌的种类,对采自阿拉尔的苹果褐色斑点果腐病病果的病原菌种类进行了鉴定。利用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离纯化,获得菌株PGFL,采用柯赫氏法则进行致病性验证,结合形态学特征观察和ITS、RPB2、EF序列构建多基因联合系统发育树对病原菌的种类进行确定。菌株PGFL的人工培养菌落形态呈现灰色至暗青褐色,与链格孢属Alternaria形态观察比对结果高度相似,且接种离体果实后可发病。分子生物学分析菌株PGFL和菌株Alternaria alternata MAFF239887及A.alternata JLUAF6聚为一簇,与Alternaria属A.alternata的序列相似度最高,且自展支持率为100%。研究确定引起新疆苹果褐色斑点果腐病病原菌为链格孢A.alternata。To clarify the types of pathogenic bacteria causing brown spotted apple fruit rot in Xinjiang,the types of pathogenic bacteria causing brown spotted apple fruit rot in apple fruits collected from the region were identified.The pathogenic bacteria were isolated and purified using tissue separation method,and their pathogenicity was verified using Koch’s rule.Combined with morphological observation and ITS,RPB2,and EF sequences,a multi gene combined phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine the type of pathogenic bacteria.The morphology of the artificially cultivated colonies of strain PGFL showed a gray to dark turquoise brown color,which was highly similar to the morphological observation of Alternariain the genus Alternaria.Moreover,after inoculation with isolated fruits,it can cause disease.Molecular biology analysis showed that strain PGFL,strain AlternariaalternataMAFF 239887,and A.alternata JLUAF6 clustered into a cluster.The sequence similarity between this strain and the Alternaria genus A.alternatawas the highest,with a self expanding support rate of 100%.Research has determined that the pathogen causing the brown spotted fruit rot of Xinjiang apples is A.alternata.

关 键 词：菌落形态 分生孢子 ITS RPB2 EF Alternaria alternata 

分 类 号：S436.611.19[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]