乌苏烷型五环三萜的生物合成研究进展  

Research progress in the biosynthesis of ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids

作　　者：张璐 肖瑶 刘忞之 王伟[1] ZHANG Lu;XIAO Yao;LIU Min-zhi;WANG Wei

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院药物研究所天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验实验室/国家卫生健康委员会天然药物生物合成重点实验室,北京100050

出　　处：《中国医药生物技术》2024年第3期223-230,共8页Chinese Medicinal Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82073757);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2021-I2M-1-029)。

摘　　要：乌苏烷型五环三萜化合物是三萜化合物的一种重要类型,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抑菌、降糖、降脂等药理活性,可用于医药保健等领域。目前主要的生产方式是从植物中直接提取和化学合成,但限于资源短缺、产率低、成本高等问题。近年来,运用合成生物学技术,模块化处理目标化合物的代谢途径,为乌苏烷型三萜化合物的大规模生产提供了解决方案。本文综述了近年来乌苏烷型五环三萜生物合成的研究进展,包括乌苏烷型五环三萜骨架的天然生物合成、后修饰酶以及利用代谢工程调控乌苏烷型五环三萜异源高效生产的策略,以期为乌苏烷型五环三萜的高效合成提供借鉴。Ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids are an important class of triterpenoids with diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.They have been used in medical and health care fields.Direct extraction from plants and chemical synthesis are their current production methods,limiting to the shortage of plant resources,low yields and high costs.In recent years,the modular engineering of metabolic pathways for target compounds by applying synthetic biology has provided a solution for their large-scale production.This review summarizes the recent research progress in the biosynthesis of ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids,including the biosynthesis of the ursane-type skeleton,key post-modifying enzymes and strategies for heterologous production via metabolic engineering,aiming to provide a reference for the efficient synthesis of these triterpenoids in the future.

关 键 词：乌苏烷型五环三萜 生物合成 合成生物学 代谢工程 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]