多卫星星座对时变重力场反演精度和时空分辨率影响的模拟研究  

A simulation study on uncertainties and spatio-temporal resolutions of time-variable gravity fields based on multiple GRACE-like constellations

作　　者：郭丁昊 王长青 朱紫彤 熊宇昊 杨萌 钟敏[1,2] 沈云中[5] 陈秋杰[5] 冯伟 GUO DingHao;WANG ChangQing;ZHU ZiTong;XIONG YuHao;YANG Meng;ZHONG Min;SHEN YunZhong;CHEN QiuJie;FENG Wei(School of Geospatial Engineering and Science,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai Guangdong 519082,China;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun Yat-sen University),Ministry of Education,Zhuhai Guangdong 519082,China;State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics,Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Surveying and Geo-informatics,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学测绘科学与技术学院,广东珠海519082 [2]极地环境立体观测与应用教育部重点实验室(中山大学),广东珠海519082 [3]大地测量与地球动力学国家重点实验室,中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,武汉430071 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]同济大学测绘与地理信息学院,上海200092

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2024年第6期2125-2140,共16页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(42061134010,12261131504);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42174103);湖北珞珈实验室开放基金资助项目(220100044);中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(22lgqb09)联合资助.

摘　　要：近二十年,GRACE/GRACE-FO实现了对地球时变重力场的连续监测.但受单极轨轨道配置、背景模型误差和载荷精度的限制,其时空分辨率和观测精度不足以探测短时间、小尺度的质量变化信号.以欧空局MAGIC(Mass Change and Geoscience International Constellation)和中山大学“天琴计划”为代表的下一代重力计划将通过多对卫星星座和新一代高精度载荷来提高时变重力场反演精度.考虑到未来多项卫星重力计划和当前GRACE-FO、中国重力卫星同期观测的可能,本文基于动力学方法对双极轨、Bender、极轨+Bender和双Bender四种星座构型进行了闭环仿真模拟,并对其月尺度解和1~3天短周期解进行评估.结果表明:(1)相较于单极轨,双极轨、Bender、极轨+Bender和双Bender四种星座的月尺度时变重力场恢复精度分别提高了30.7%、85.7%、85.9%和89.5%.(2)多对卫星星座能够恢复高空间分辨率的短周期时变重力场解,且在时间序列中能够保留地球物理信号的高频部分.其中双Bender能够恢复40阶的1天解时变重力场,极轨+Bender能够恢复40阶的2天解时变重力场,Bender能够恢复40阶的3天解时变重力场.In recent two decades,GRACE/GRACE-FO has continuously monitored the earth's time-variable gravity field(TVG).However,limited by a single-polar orbit configuration,background model errors and the accuracy of satellite payloads,the spatio-temporal resolution and accuracy of TVG are insufficient to detect short-term,small-scale mass change signals.The next-generation gravity missions(NGGMs),represented by ESA’s MAGIC(Mass Change and Geoscience International Constellation)and SYSU’s“TianQin”,will improve the accuracy of the recovered TVG through multi-pair satellite constellations and the new generation of high-precision satellite payloads.Considering the possibility of synergistic observation for future gravity missions,GRACE-FO and the Chinese gravity mission,this paper performed closed-loop simulations based on four constellations:2Polar,Bender,Polar+Bender and 2Bender with the dynamic method.The solutions based on these different simulations are evaluated on one-day,two-day,three-day and monthly time scales.The results show that compared with the single-polar,the accuracy of monthly TVG for 2Polar,Bender,Polar+Bender and 2Bender is increased by 30.7%,85.7%,85.9%and 89.5%,respectively.The multi-pair satellite constellations can recover short-term TVG with high spatial resolution and retain the high-frequency part of the geophysical signals in time series.Among them,in terms of 40 degrees in spherical harmonics,2Bender,Polar+Bender and Bender can recover 1-day,2-days,and 3-days TVG,respectively.

关 键 词：下一代重力计划 卫星编队 闭环模拟 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]