我国司法鉴定管理体制的完善路径镜鉴——以英国专家证人管理改革为例  

Reflection on the Improvement Path of China’s Forensic Appraisal Management System--Taking the Expert Witness Management Reform of England and Wales as an Example

作　　者：宫雪[1] GONG Xue(Journal Editorial Department,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学学报编辑部,上海200042

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2024年第2期33-46,共14页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：2021年上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题(2021EFX002);2022年度司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目(22SFB5036);2018年度华东政法大学科学研究项目(18HZK001)。

摘　　要：我国司法鉴定体制改革的目标是建立和健全统一的司法鉴定管理体制。近年来,英国在统一专家证人的资格审查与选任程序、统一和重塑专家证人的职责、统一专家证据的披露要求以及统一专家证人的管理体制等方面进行了改革,为我们提供了在面对现代专家证人管理类似挑战时尝试应对的例证。对我国而言,应确保司法鉴定活动各方主体的权益,为案件事实认定提供技术支持。首先,在对鉴定主体资格的管理上,应当明确司法鉴定管理和法院监督的界限,注意两者之间的衔接;其次,在责任追究的管理上,应当在充分尊重鉴定人独立的诉讼地位的前提下,明确鉴定人的真实义务和责任,完善法院和当事人对鉴定人的责任追究机制;最后,在技术标准的管理上,应当加大行业管理的力度,实现司法鉴定行业协会向纵深发展,推动其在行业标准制定上发挥更大作用。The goal of our forensic appraisal system reform is to set up and improve a unified forensic appraisal management system.In recent years,England and Wales have carried out reforms in the aspects of unifying the qualification review and selection procedure of expert witnesses,unifying and reshaping the responsibilities of expert witnesses,unifying the disclosure requirements of expert evidence and the management system of expert witnesses.It provides us with examples in the face of similar challenges and problems existing in modern expert witness management.For our country,in order to ensure the rights and interests of all parties involved in forensic appraisal activities and provide technical support for the determination of case facts,we should make efforts in the following areas.Firstly,in terms of managing the qualifications of appraisers,we should make clear the boundary between the administration of forensic appraisal and the court supervision,and pay attention to the cohesion between them.Secondly,in the management of liability,on the basis of full respect of the independent litigation status of appraisers,we should clarify the true obligations and responsibilities of appraisers,and improve the accountability mechanism of courts and parties towards appraisers.Finally,in the management of technical standards,we should increase the intensity of industry management,achieve the deepening development of forensic appraisal industry associations,and promote their greater role in the formulation of industry standards.

关 键 词：专家证人 选任程序 司法鉴定 管理体制 责任追究 

分 类 号：DF8[政治法律—法学]