国内外精神障碍者驾驶适宜性评定指南比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Domestic and Foreign Guidelines for Assessing the Fitness to Drive of Individuals with Mental Disorders

作　　者：王书剑 李豪喆 张盛宇 凌歆迪 张钦廷 蔡伟雄 WANG Shujian;LI Haozhe;ZHANG Shengyu;LING Xindi;ZHANG Qinting;CAI Weixiong(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine,Shanghai Forensic Service Platform,Key Laboratory of Forensic Science,Ministry of Justice,Academy of Forensic Science,Shanghai 200063,China;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]司法鉴定科学研究院,上海市法医学重点实验室,司法部司法鉴定重点实验室,上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台,上海200063 [2]复旦大学基础医学院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2024年第2期89-98,共10页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所资助项目(GY2023Z-4);“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3302001);上海市“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关资助项目(20DZ1200300);上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目(21DZ2270800);上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台资助项目。

摘　　要：道路交通安全问题已成为全球性的公共安全问题,其中精神障碍者驾驶机动车引发的一系列问题亦逐渐受到重视。为规范机动车驾驶人的驾驶活动、保障道路交通安全,多个国家均制定了相应的驾驶适宜性评定指南或标准,形成了针对精神障碍在内的各类疾病患者驾驶适宜性评定的系统性方法。从英国、加拿大和美国三国现行有效的评定指南或标准入手,对其目前的驾驶适宜性评定体系作简要介绍,结合当前我国驾驶适宜性评定的现状和存在的问题,进一步探讨国外现行评定体系与方法对于我国的启示与借鉴意义。Road traffic safety has become a global public concern,especially increasing attentions are directed towards issues about individuals with mental disorders driving motor vehicles.The United Kingdom,Canada and the United States have formulated specific guidelines for assessing the fitness to drive of individuals with mental disorders.These nations have implemented systematic approaches to assess their fitness to drive,in order to enhance road traffic safety.This paper presented a concise overview of the existing systems of driving fitness assessment,introduced the guidelines and standards in the countries mentioned above,and discussed the current issues in China accordingly.By summarizing and comparing both domestic and foreign guidelines,the authors aimed to provide a reference for refining methods for assessing the fitness to drive of individuals with mental disorders in China.

关 键 词：精神障碍 驾驶适宜性 法医精神病学 评定指南 比较研究 

分 类 号：DF795.3[医药卫生—法医学]