2022年湘南地区活禽市场禽流感病毒检测与分析  

Detection and Analysis of Avian Influenza Virus in Live Poultry Markets in Southern Hunan Province in 2022

作　　者：郭永祥[1] 邓国强[1] 张朝阳[1] 蒋文明[2] 黄建龙[1] 刘华雷[2] Guo Yongxiang;Deng Guoqiang;Zhang Chaoyang;Jiang Wenming;Huang Jianlong;Liu Hualei(Hunan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Changsha 410114,HunanChina;China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省动物疫病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410114 [2]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第5期6-9,共4页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2022CXGC010606);湖南省动物疫病监测流调专项(湘财农指[2022]19号)。

摘　　要：为了解湘南地区活禽批发市场和农贸市场禽流感病毒(AIV)污染状况,2022年在湘南地区5个活禽批发市场和8个农贸市场采集禽咽肛拭子958份,采用鸡胚病毒分离、血凝试验、血凝抑制试验和RT-PCR等方法进行AIV检测及分型。结果显示:在13个采样点均检测到低致病性AIV(LPAIV),总阳性率为34.0%;共检测到H2、H3、H4、H6和H9等5种亚型LPAIV,以H6(11.7%)和H9(16.4%)亚型阳性率较高;鸡咽肛拭子样品阳性率为29.9%,以H9亚型LPAIV居多,水禽咽肛拭子样品阳性率为40.8%,以H6亚型LPAIV居多;在6份水禽拭子中检测到H3、H6、H9亚型LPAIV混合感染情况。结果表明:湘南地区活禽批发市场和农贸市场LPAIV污染面较广,污染程度较为严重,以H6和H9亚型污染为主。建议活禽市场严格落实农业农村部“1110”制度;农业农村主管部门持续进行禽流感监测,尤其是针对H6和H9亚型禽流感,强化宣传和引导,增强从业人员责任意识;公众在日常生活中尽量避免直接接触活禽类,提高自我防护水平。In order to investigate the contamination of avian influenza virus(AIV)in live poultry wholesale markets and farmers'markets in southern Hunan Province,958 avian pharyngeal and anal swabs were collected from 5wholesale markets and 8 farmers'markets in the region in 2022 for AIV detection and typing using virus isolation via chicken embryos,hemagglutination test,hemagglutination inhibition test and RT-PCR.The results showed that lowly pathogenic AIV(LPAIV)was detected in all 13 sampling sites,with a total positive rate of 34.0%;5 subtypes of LPAIV including H2,H3,H4,H6 and H9 subtype were detected,with the higher positive rates of H6(11.7%)and H9(16.4%)subtype;the positive rate of chicken pharyngeal and anal swabs was 29.9%,especially H9 subtype LPAIV,while that of water fowl pharyngeal and anal swabs was 40.8%,and H6 subtype LPAIV was predominating;mixed infection with H3,H6 and H9 subtype virus were detected from 6 waterfowl swabs.In conclusion,LPAIV was widely available in markets of southern Hunan Province,with serious level of contamination,especially infection with H6 and H9 subtype virus.It was recommended that the“1110”system proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs should be strictly implemented in live poultry markets;the authorities in charge of agriculture and rural affairs should keep on monitoring avian influenza,especially for H6 and H9 subtypes,strengthen awareness improvement and guidance,and enhance operators'sense of responsibility;and the public should try to avoid any contact with live poultry in their daily lives and improve their level of self-protection.

关 键 词：低致病性禽流感 活禽市场 流行病学调查 湘南地区 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]