数字人权“泛化说”之三重否定——对刘志强教授等质疑的几点回应  

Triple Negation of the Generalization Theory of Digital Human Rights——Several Responses to Professor Liu Zhiqiang and Others'Questions

作　　者：龚向和[1] Gong Xianghe

机构地区：[1]东南大学人权研究院、法学院

出　　处：《政法论坛》2024年第3期77-88,共12页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“数字智能时代我国基本权利的体系迭代研究”(23BFX004);国家社科基金一般项目“数字化治理背景下社会救助权的法律保障研究”(23BFX091)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：强调数字人权是人权泛化的结果,实际上是对数字人权的误读。数字人权的权利主体从来都只是自然人,现有关于数字人权的研究从未将人工智能纳入人权主体范畴,而“信息人”本质上也是线下生物人在数字空间中的映射,并不存在所谓的人权主体泛化问题。在数字人权内容方面,传统人权数字化新样态并未脱离人权本质,而人权作为一个发展中的概念应当具有包容性,诸如上网权、个人数据权等新兴权利正逐步进入人权保障射程范围之内,并非利用数字技术变造人权。在数字人权概念证立方面,人权的内部证成要素并无统一标准,但数字人权是基于人的社会属性发展而来的,具有证成的人性根基,在体系定位上应属于兼具继承与发展双重面向的新兴人权范畴。Emphasizing that digital human rights is the result of the generalization of human rights is actually a misreading of digital human rights.The right subjects of digital human rights have always been just natural persons.The existing research on digital human rights has never included artificial intelligence into the category of human rights subjects.In essence,the“information person”also belongs to the mapping of offline human beings in the digital space,and there is no so-called generalization of human rights subjects.In terms of digital human rights content,the digital new pattern of traditional human rights is not divorced from the essence of human rights,but human rights as a developing concept should be inclusive.Emerging rights such as internet access rights and personal data rights are gradually entering the range of human rights protection,rather than the use of digital technology to alter human rights.In terms of the concept of digital human rights,there is no unifed standard for the internal certification elements of human rights.However,digital human rights are developed based on the social attributes of human beings and have the foundation of certified human nature.In terms of the system positioning,it should belong to the emerging human rights category with the dual orientation of both inheritance and development.

关 键 词：数字人权 人权泛化 人权主体 社会属性 体系定位 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D99[政治法律—法学]