中国司法现代化的演进逻辑与发展路径  

The Evolutionary Logic and Development Path of China's Judicial Modernization

作　　者：段陆平 Duan Luping

机构地区：[1]广州大学法学院

出　　处：《政法论坛》2024年第3期157-168,共12页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“基于司法大数据的中国特色轻罪诉讼制度体系完善研究”(20CFX032)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国司法建设百余年历程可归结为“现代性司法的中国化”与“中国性司法的现代化”两个基本命题,并在当下融合于迈向“以审判工作现代化服务保障中国式现代化”的本土自主性现代司法模式。对于中国司法现代化的逻辑阐释及发展理路,可从达玛什卡司法程序类型理论寻找灵感。立足于现代司法的多样化特征,达玛什卡提出了一个超越西方中心主义的程序类型理论,并可引申出多元现代性视野下司法现代化存在多种选择的命题,这可以在理论上为“现代司法的中国模式”提供支撑。同时,摒弃去情境化的普遍主义,基于权力组织结构和国家形态对司法程序某种程度的决定性塑造作用,达玛什卡“重新找回国家”,深刻阐释了司法现代化的主体性逻辑与政治生态学命题。无论“现代性司法的中国化”,抑或“中国性司法的现代化”,都应充分关注程序改革与作为制度背景的中国司法生态特别是政治生态的契合性。未来司法建设应在中国性与现代性之间进行反思平衡,既要深入推进司法领域中国性价值与范畴的现代阐释,也要充分关注现代性价值与范畴在司法领域的中国表达。The history of China's judicial construction over a hundred years can be summed up as two basic propositions:“the sinicization of modern justice”and“the modernization of Chinese justice”,and is now integrated into the local autonomous modern judicial model,which is moving towards“the modernization of judicial work serves to safeguard Chinese path to modernization”.For the logical interpretation and development path of China's judicial modernization,inspiration can be found from the Damaska's theory of judicial procedure types.Based on the diverse characteristics of modern justice,Damaska proposed a procedural type theory that goes beyond Western centrism,and can extend the proposition that there are multiple choices in judicial modernization under the perspective of pluralistic modernity,which can provide theoretical support for the“Chinese model of modern justice”.At the same time,abandoning the contextualized universalism and based on the decisive role of power organization structure and state form in shaping the judicial process to a certain extent,Damaska profoundly explains the subjectivity logic and political ecology proposition of judicial modernization.Whether it is“the sinicization of modern justice”or“the modernization of Chinese justice”,full attention should be paid to the compatibility between procedural reform and the Chinese judicial ecology,especially the political ecology,as the institutional background.The future judicial construction should reflect and balance between Chineseness and Modernity.It is necessary to deepen the modern interpretation of Chinese values and categories in the judicial field,and fully pay attention to the Chinese expression of modern values and categories in the judicial field.

关 键 词：司法改革 中国式现代化 多元现代性 反思平衡 达玛什卡 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]