中国数字普惠金融的收入效应:来自家庭调查微观数据的证据  

Income Effect of Digital Inclusive Finance:Evidence from Chinese Household Survey Micro-data

作　　者：刘成奎[1] 任飞容 白积洋 LIU Chengkui;REN Feirong;BAI Jiyang(Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《财贸研究》2024年第5期59-76,共18页Finance and Trade Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“机会平等视角下的公共服务供给与缩小收入分配差距研究”(18BJY213);广东省财政厅课题“财政政策、数字金融与收入效应:基于广东实证分析”(Z202238)。

摘　　要：利用中国家庭调查微观数据探讨数字普惠金融对中国城乡居民的收入增长不平等的直接影响及其机制,结果表明,数字普惠金融直接降低了城市和农村地区贫困的持续性,具有明显的减贫效应和增长效应,但对收入不平等具有马太效应,而且数字普惠金融发展对居民收入分配具有库兹涅茨效应和门槛效应。机制分析发现,城乡居民在银行贷款可获得性和贷款额度、居民创业成功概率以及人力资本提升等方面的差异性,解释了马太效应存在的原因。政府的财政支出政策减轻了数字普惠金融对居民收入不平等的马太效应。因此,应当加强信息通信技术基础设施建设,强化数字普惠金融知识的宣传和传播,同时实施合适的财政政策,这是减轻数字普惠金融收入分配马太效应的有效机制。Using the micro-data of Chinese household survey,this paper explores the direct impact of digital financial inclusion on the income inequality of urban and rural residents in China and its mechanism.The empirical results show that digital inclusive finance directly reduces the sustainability of poverty in urban and rural areas,and it has obvious poverty reduction and growth effects,but has Matthew effect on income inequality.What’s more,the development of digital inclusive finance has Kuznets effect and threshold effect on income distribution of residents.Through mechanism analysis,it has been found that the differences between urban and rural residents in the availability and amount of financial loans,and the probability of residents’success in entrepreneurship explain the existence of Matthew effect.The government’s fiscal expenditure policy alleviates the Matthew effect of digital inclusive finance on income inequality of residents.Therefore,ICT infrastructure should be strengthened,and the promotion and dissemination of digital inclusive financial knowledge should be strengthened as well.At the same time,appropriate fiscal policies are also an effective mechanism to reduce the Matthew effect of digital inclusive financial income distribution.

关 键 词：数字普惠金融 收入效应 收入不平等 政府支出 

分 类 号：F830[经济管理—金融学]