新矿物(U-Th)/He年代学的研究进展  

Advancements in(U-Th)/He Thermochronology of New Minerals

作　　者：陈玉柳 丁汝鑫 孙转[3] 卢胜城[1,2] Yuliu CHEN;Ruxin DING;Zhuan SUN;Shengcheng LU(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geodynamics and Geohazards,School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai Guangdong 519082,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,Zhuhai Guangdong 519082,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development,PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company,Panjin Liaoning 124010,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省地球动力作用与地质灾害重点实验室,中山大学地球科学与工程学院,广东珠海519082 [2]广东省地质过程与矿产资源探查重点实验室,广东珠海519082 [3]中国石油辽河油田勘探开发研究院,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2024年第4期357-373,共17页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42072229,41102131);辽河油田公司科技项目(编号:20230ZJC-02)资助。

摘　　要：自20世纪末(U-Th)/He定年技术诞生以来,(U-Th)/He定年在地质学等领域发挥着越来越重要的作用,尤其是磷灰石及锆石的(U-Th)/He定年技术得到了广泛应用,然而这两种矿物在自然界中的分布相对有限,极大地限制了(U-Th)/He年代学的发展。近年来,随着He扩散动力学研究的不断深入和分析测试技术的提高,其他矿物的(U-Th)/He定年技术也得到了长足进步,理论与技术方法也日臻完善,为(U-Th)/He年代学开辟了新的应用领域。此外,不同类型的矿物记录了不同的地质信息,通过结合多种矿物的(U-Th)/He定年数据,将增进对地质过程的理解。基于(U-Th)/He定年新理论和新技术的发展,总结了赤铁矿、针铁矿、磁铁矿、碳酸盐矿物、牙形石、萤石、钙钛矿、尖晶石、金红石以及石榴子石等矿物的(U-Th)/He定年,重点介绍了相对成熟的赤铁矿、针铁矿、磁铁矿、碳酸盐矿物以及牙形石的(U-Th)/He定年的研究进展。目前,这些新矿物的(U-Th)/He定年在矿床学、沉积学、构造地质学、地球动力学和环境科学等领域得到了初步应用,尤其在约束成矿时代、古环境古气候重建、洋壳蚀变和俯冲剥露过程、热液活动、断裂变形以及古地震研究等方面将发挥关键作用。然而,这些新矿物的(U-Th)/He年代学仍存在不少问题,限制了这些方法的广泛推广与应用,比如多扩散域行为、辐射损伤和化学成分对He扩散的影响、加热脱气过程中母体同位素的挥发以及(U-Th)/He体系的开放行为等,这些因素将导致(U-Th)/He年龄数据表现出较大的分散性。因此,未来需要进一步研究He在这些矿物中的扩散行为,改善实验方法并提高仪器测试精度,以确保(U-Th)/He定年数据的准确性,为理解地质过程提供更加可靠的时间框架。Since the inception of the(U-Th)/He thermochronometer at the turn of the last century,it has assumed an increasingly pivotal role in geology and related disciplines,notably in the dating of apatite and zircon.However,the occurrence of apatite and zircon is relatively restricted in nature,significantly constraining the advancement and application of(U-Th)/He dating.Through ongoing,comprehensive investigations into He diffusion kinetics and advancements in analytical technology,alongside apatite and zircon,other minerals(U-Th)/He thermochronologies have also made significant strides,progressively refining and broadening their applications,thereby opening new avenues for the(U-Th)/He thermochronometer.Moreover,different minerals record distinct geological information;hence,employing(U-Th)/He dating across multiple minerals enhances our comprehension of geological processes.This paper provides a concise overview of the progress in(U-Th)/He dating of hematite,goethite,magnetite,carbonate minerals,conodont,fluorite,perovskite,spinel,rutile,and garnet,with a focus on the advanced research in hematite,goethite,magnetite,carbonate minerals,and conodont(U-Th)/He dating,which are relatively mature.Presently,these novel methodologies have found applications in diverse fields such as ore deposits,sedimentology,tectonic geology,geodynamics,and environmental science,particularly in determining mineralization age,reconstructing paleoenvironments and paleoclimates,elucidating processes of oceanic crust alteration,subduction,and exhumation,understanding the functioning of hydrothermal systems,investigating fault deformation,and conducting paleoseismic research,wherein they are poised to play a pivotal role.However,several challenges persist,including multiple diffusion domains,the impact of radiation damage and chemical composition on helium diffusion,loss of parent isotopes during heating and degassing,and open behavior within the(U-Th)/He system,often resulting in dispersed thermochronological(U-Th)/He dates.Thus,further investi

关 键 词：(U-Th)/He定年 赤铁矿 针铁矿 磁铁矿 碳酸盐矿物 牙形石 

分 类 号：P597.3[天文地球—地球化学]