青藏高原及周边石冰川识别、冰储量及动力学过程研究进展  

Research on the Identification,Ice Volume,and Dynamic Processes of Rock Glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau and Surrounding Regions

作　　者：刘锦波 张勇 刘时银 王欣[1] 蒋宗立[1] Jinbo LIU;Yong ZHANG;Shiyin LIU;Xin WANG;Zongli JIANG(School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China;School of Resource,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学地球科学与空间信息工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [3]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2024年第4期391-404,共14页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42171134,42171137)资助。

摘　　要：青藏高原及周边分布着数量众多的石冰川,因其独特的蓄水功能和气候响应特征,不仅影响区域潜在的固态水资源,还增加了相应灾害发生的风险,受到越来越多的关注。当前,对石冰川识别、冰储量估算及其动力学过程模拟的探讨还较为缺乏,导致无法准确评估广大无资料或缺资料地区的石冰川变化及其气候响应特征。在系统梳理青藏高原及周边石冰川分布特征的基础上,综合回顾和总结了石冰川识别方法、冰储量估算方法、动力学过程及其模拟的研究进展。受观测数据缺乏和方法不确定性等问题的限制,当前青藏高原及周边石冰川编目、识别和冰储量估算精度仍面临诸多挑战。展望未来,应深入认识气候—石冰川动力学过程的相互作用机制,强化天—空—地多层次、多角度和多手段的石冰川监测,集成人工智能和新观测技术的石冰川识别和冰储量估算方法,准确评估气候变化条件下青藏高原及周边石冰川变化、未来趋势及其影响,进而服务于青藏高原及周边区域社会经济可持续发展。The Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings are home to a significant number of rock glaciers.These formations,due to their unique characteristics of water storage and response to climate,not only impact the solid water resources in the region but also contribute to an increased risk of corresponding disasters,garnering growing attention.However,there remains a notable gap in research concerning the identification of rock glaciers,estimation of ice volume,and simulation of dynamic processes.This gap hinders the accurate assessment of changes in rock glaciers and their climate response characteristics in areas lacking data.This review systematically analyzes the distribution characteristics of rock glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings while comprehensively investigating the research progress on the identification of rock glaciers,estimation of ice volume,and understanding of dynamic processes.Due to the scarcity of observational data and methodological uncertainties,numerous challenges persist in the identification of rock glaciers,estimation of ice volume,and simulation of dynamic processes in the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings.In the future,efforts will focus on deepening our understanding of the interaction mechanisms between climate and the dynamic processes of rock glaciers.This will involve strengthening monitoring efforts using Space-Air-Ground-based multi-level,multi-angle,and multi-method approaches.Furthermore,the integration of artificial intelligence and new observation technologies into methods for identifying rock glaciers and estimating ice volume will be pursued.These advancements will enable the accurate evaluation of changes,future trends,and impacts of rock glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings under climate change conditions,ultimately supporting the sustainable social and economic development of the region.

关 键 词：石冰川 气候变化 冰储量 水资源 青藏高原 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]