一株高效降胆固醇乳酸菌的筛选与特性研究  

Screening and characterization of a strain of highly efficient cholesterol-reducing lactic acid bacteria

作　　者：丁小萌 李明星[2] 赵芃 莫湘 黄元霞 罗红霞 杨忠华 邱忠平[2] DING Xiaomeng;LI Mingxing;ZHAO Peng;MO Xiang;HUANG Yuanxia;LUO Hongxia;YANG Zhonghua;QIU Zhongping(Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510405,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学针灸康复临床医学院,广东广州510405 [2]西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2024年第4期401-407,413,共8页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51978576);四川省科技支撑计划(2023YFSY0011,2023ZHCG0058)。

摘　　要：目的 筛选具有高效降胆固醇能力的干酪乳酪杆菌,以干酪乳酪杆菌标准菌株为参照研究其降胆固醇能力和益生特性,以期为心血管相关疾病防治和微生物保健品开发提供微生物资源。方法 为获得安全、稳定、高效的降胆固醇益生菌,从老坛子泡菜中筛选获得1株干酪乳酪杆菌S1(Lacticaseibacillus casei S1),研究了干酪乳酪杆菌S1的益生特性。结果 干酪乳酪杆菌S1较标准菌株D10871的耐酸耐胆盐能力更强,人工胃肠液处理24 h后存活率可达37.06%,较D10871高237.80%(t=61.18,P<0.000 1);对几种有机溶剂的平均疏水性达60.87%,较D10871高39.41%(t=37.64,P<0.001 0);超氧自由基清除率、羟自由基清除率和还原力分别较D10871高222.86%、66.90%和2 029.03%;γ-氨基丁酸水平和脂肪酶活性分别较D10871高76.90%、83.90%;S1胆固醇去除率和胆盐水解酶活性分别较D10871高94.15%、213.20%;S1与胆盐共沉淀和菌体同化是其降胆固醇的主要方式,二者占总去除率的82.52%;抗生素敏感试验显示S1的安全性显著优于D10871。结论 干酪乳酪杆菌S1是1株性能稳定、安全可靠的降胆固醇益生菌,具有重要的开发应用潜力。Objective To screen and identify a high-efficiency cholesterol-lowering probiotic strain that is both safe and stable, so as to provide microbial resources for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular-related diseases and development of microbial health products. Methods The strain Lacticaseibacillus casei S1 (S1) was screened from pickles made with old-style pottery jar, and its probiotic characteristics was compared with the standard strain D10871. Results Lacticaseibacillus casei S1 exhibited stronger acid and bile salt tolerance. Specifically, after 24 hours in artificial gastrointestinal fluid, the survival rate of S1 was 37.06%, which was 237.80% higher than that of D10871 (t=61.18, P<0.000 1). S1 also demonstrated higher hydrophobicity, with an average hydrophobicity in several organic solvents being 60.87%, which was 39.41% higher than that of D10871 (t=37.64, P<0.001 0). S1 also showed higher antioxidant activity, with the superoxide radical scavenging rate, hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and reducing capability being 222.86%, 66.90% and 2029.03% higher than those of D10871, respectively. S1 also had a higher gamma-aminobutyric acid content and lipase activity than D10871, by 76.90% and 83.90%, respectively. Most importantly, S1 showed a significantly higher cholesterol removal rate and bile salt hydrolase activity, primarily via co-precipitation with bile salt and bacterial assimilation. Specifically, the cholesterol removal rate and bile salt hydrolase activity of S1 were 68.75% and 6.17 U/mL, which were 94.15% and 213.20% higher than those of D10871, respectively. Additionally, S1 was found to be safer than D10871 based on antibiotic sensitivity tests. Conclusion Lacticaseibacillus casei S1 is a promising, safe and reliable probiotic strain for lowering cholesterol level, with great potential for further development and application.

关 键 词：干酪乳酪杆菌 降胆固醇 抗氧化 胃肠道耐受 高脂血症 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]