洪武帝对武人勋臣的防范和任用设计  

Emperor Hongwu's Precaution Against and Appointment Design of Meritorious Martial Officers

作　　者：顾锦春 GU Jinchun

机构地区：[1]上海健康医学院马克思主义学院,201318

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2024年第2期36-44,170,共10页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：洪武帝基于历代得失的借鉴和个人经历的总结,高压防范武人勋臣,严格限制他们任职军事机构,禁绝他们日常交往官兵,进而又依据军事斗争的需要临时委派他们外出承担练兵、守御、征伐等重任,并在任用过程中严格控制他们的外出时间和用兵权力,同时强化内部人员的制衡和外部力量的监管。这一设计在洪武朝运作收效良好,但因其内在维系相当仰赖武人勋臣的个人才能支撑,从永乐朝开始便被统治者逐步调整和放弃。Based on the lessons drawn both from the past dynasties and his personal experience,Emperor Hongwu kept a very close eye on the military meritorious officers.He strictly restricted them from holding positions in military organizations and banned them from daily communicating with officers and soldiers.He further dispatched them to undertake temporary but important tasks such as military training,border defense and expedition,based on various military situations,while at the same time strictly controlled their task time,limited their military power,strengthened the checks and balances within the military group and intensified the supervision of external forces.This design worked well in the Hongwu period,but it was heavily reliant on the personal capabilities of the military meritorious officers to maintain its internal stability,thus was gradually adjusted by subsequent emperors and finally abandoned during the Yongle administration.

关 键 词：洪武帝 武人勋臣 防范 任用 设计 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]