拉塞尔·特雷恩对美国环境外交的设计与推动  

Russell Train's Design and Promotion of the American Environmental Diplomacy

作　　者：姚念达 YAO Nianda

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院,210023

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2024年第2期80-88,132,171,共11页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：2023年国家社科基金青年项目“冷战时期美国国际环境治理领导地位兴衰研究”(23CSS021)阶段性成果;“国家资助博士后研究人员计划”(GZC20231107)资助。

摘　　要：20世纪60年代末70年代初,美国尼克松政府对外交事务进行改革,使环境保护成为了一项外交议题。为实现改革目的,尼克松将一些环保人士吸纳进行政机构,委任其负责环境合作项目。在此期间,以特雷恩为代表的环保主义者进入政府,他们主动争取环境外交的决策权,并协调和发展环境合作项目,将自己的环保理念实践于其中。1971年后,特雷恩成为了尼克松政府环境外交事务的核心人物,提出了众多环境项目创意,尝试将环境议题融入到传统外交事务中,使之在国际事务中发挥更大的影响。环保官员不仅是为尼克松服务的“私人外交”特使,也是主动影响政策设计的重要力量。In the late 1960s and early 1970s,the Nixon administration of the United States reformed its foreign policy,making environmental protection a diplomatic topic.To achieve the reform goal,Nixon incorporated some environmentalists into the government,appointing them to be in charge of environmental cooperation projects.During this period,environmentalists represented by Russel Train entered the government.They actively sought decision-making power for environmental diplomacy,coordinated and developed environmental cooperation projects,and put their environmental thoughts into practice.After 1971,Train became the core figure in the Nixon administration's environmental diplomacy.He proposed numerous environmental project ideas and tried to integrate environmental topics into traditional diplomatic affairs,making them more impactful.Environmental officials not only served as Nixon's"private diplomacy"envoys but were significant forces actively influencing policy design.

关 键 词：美国外交 环境外交 理查德·尼克松 拉塞尔·特雷恩 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] D871.2[政治法律—政治学]