黄土高原传统农区乡村人居环境系统恢复力及关键因素研究——以陕北佳县为例  

The resilience of rural human settlements system and its key factors in traditional agricultural areas of the Loess Plateau:Taking Jiaxian county in Northern Shaanxi as an example

作　　者：杨晴青 孙馨蕊 张惠卿 高岩辉 曹小曙 YANG Qing-qing;SUN Xin-rui;ZHANG Hui-qing;GAO Yan-hui;CAO Xiao-shu(Northwest Land and Resources Research Center,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China;School of Tourism&Research Institute of Human Geography,Xi'an International Studies University,Xi'an 710128,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北国土资源研究中心,西安710119 [2]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安710119 [3]西安外国语大学旅游学院·人文地理研究所,西安710128

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2024年第5期1101-1118,共18页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42001202,42171208);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2022R019);陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2023-CX-RKX-167)。

摘　　要：传统农区村庄表现出更易受到环境变化的不利影响以及更难恢复的特征,增强其人居环境系统恢复力是摆脱不利影响、实现乡村转型与振兴的有力途径。基于“缓冲—适应—转型与创新”维度提出了乡村人居环境系统恢复力构成框架。以陕北黄土高原佳县62个样本村为研究对象,运用田野调查、GIS空间分析、障碍度与贡献度模型等方法,开展了恢复力评估、关键因素识别的实证研究。研究发现:(1)研究区乡村人居环境系统恢复力空间差异较小,恢复力值低于0.5的村庄占比达61.29%。自然生态系统恢复力普遍高于社会经济系统和支撑系统,支撑系统的空间差异最大,自然生态系统最小。(2)乡村人居环境系统恢复力的关键贡献维度包括自然生态系统与支撑系统的适应能力以及社会经济系统的缓冲能力。具有变革意义的转型与创新能力极低,空间差异极大,是85%以上村庄社会经济系统、支撑系统恢复力形成的关键障碍维度。(3)乡村人居环境系统恢复力形成的关键要素中,贡献者为生态服务体验、社区感、邻里友好与社区管理服务,障碍者为农业文化景观、家庭农场、农业专业合作社、文化传承支持与物流寄递服务。Rural villages within remote and disadvantaged agricultural areas are more vulnerable to the adverse impacts of environmental change and more difficult to recover,while enhancing the resilience of the human settlements system is a powerful way to get rid of the adverse impacts and to realize the transformation and revitalization of rural areas.This study deconstructed the resilience of RHSS in traditional agricultural areas into three dimensions,that is buffer capacity,adaptive capacity,and transformation and innovation capacity,and constructed the framework for RHSS resilience.Further,the study constructed an index system for assessing the resilience of RHSS in traditional agricultural areas of the Loess Plateau,and carried out a village-scale empirical study with 62 sample villages in Jiaxian county,Northern Shaanxi province.Based on the first-hand information obtained from the field survey,the spatial differentiation characteristics and the key factors of RHSS resilience were revealed by using Arcgis spatial analysis,the contribution model,and the obstacle model.The study found that:Firstly,the proportion of villages in the study area with resilience in RHSS below 0.5 reached 61.29%.As for the subsystems,the resilience of the natural ecosystem is generally higher than that of the socio-economic system and the support system,while there are large spatial differences in the resilience of the support system.Secondly,the resilience of the RHSS in the study area is mainly derived from the adaptive capacity dimension of the natural ecosystem and support system,and the buffering capacity dimension of the socio-economic system.The transformation and innovative capacity,which is of transformational significance,is extremely low and highly spatially differentiated,and an obstacle to the formation of the resilience of the socio-economic and the support systems in more than 85%of the villages.Thirdly,among the key indicators for the formation of the resilience of the RHSS in the study area,the contributors are ecological

关 键 词：乡村人居环境系统 恢复力 空间分异 障碍因子 贡献因子 黄土高原 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] F327[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]