广西甘蔗褐条病病原菌鉴定与杀菌剂敏感度测定  

Pathogen identification and fungicide sensitivity test of sugarcane brown stripe

作　　者：陈潇航 张小秋 黄海荣[1] 宋修鹏[1] 李文教[2] 梁永检 雷敬超[1] 王泽平[1] 祝光湖[4] 刘期怀 李翔[1] 颜梅新[1] CHEN Xiao-hang;ZHANG Xiao-qu;HUANG Hai-rong;SONG Xiu-peng;LI Wen-jao;LIANG Yong-jian;LEI Jing-chao;WANG Ze-ping;ZHU Guang-hu;LIU Qi-huai;LI Xiang;YAN Mei-xin(Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sugarcane Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi),Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Nanning 530007,China;Baise Agricultural Scientific Research Institute/Baise Branch of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Baise Comprehensive Experiment Stations of National Sugarcane Industry Technology System,Baise,Guangxi 533612,China;Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532415,China;Center for Applied Mathematics of Guangxi/Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/中国农业科学院甘蔗研究中心/农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]百色市农业科学研究所/广西农业科学院百色分院/国家糖料产业技术体系百色综合试验站,广西百色533612 [3]广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西崇左532415 [4]广西应用数学中心/桂林电子科技大学,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第4期816-823,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西重大科技专项(桂科AA22117009);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科31960521,2021YT007)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确广西甘蔗褐条病的致病菌,为科学有效防控甘蔗褐条病提供参考依据。[方法]利用植物组织分离法从广西甘蔗褐条病发病植株中分离纯化菌株,通过致病性测定、形态学观测及rDNA-ITS、GAPDH、LSU和EF-1α多基因系统发育分析鉴定病原菌,并在室内使用菌丝生长速率法测试该病原菌对9种杀菌剂的敏感度。[结果]从甘蔗褐条病病叶中分离出1株病原真菌,编号为GHT-01,其菌落呈棕色或黑色,有少量白色气生菌丝;孢子单生或丛生,直或略弯曲,孢子为3隔4细胞,第3个细胞相较其他细胞更大、颜色更深,分生孢子大小为12.3~24.1μm×5.2~12.8μm;多位点序列分析结果显示其与Curvularia lunata的模式菌株(CBS730.96,CBS157.34)聚为一支;科赫式法则(Koch’s rules)测定结果表明,病原菌接种健康新鲜甘蔗叶片后表现的症状及从接种发病的叶片上再分离获得的病原菌,其分生孢子形态特征均与最初分离到的病原菌菌株一致。因此,鉴定该病原菌为新月弯孢菌(C.lunata)。9种杀菌剂对该病原菌的室内敏感度测定结果表明,40%苯甲·吡唑醚乳油和45%咪鲜胺水乳剂对病原菌的抑菌效果较好,其抑制中浓度(EC_(50))分别为1.43和1.54μg/mL,60%唑醚·代森联水分散粒剂的抑菌效果较差,其EC_(50)达205.82μg/mL。[结论]在广西发生的甘蔗褐条病病原菌为新月弯孢菌,且为首次报道,筛选出对该病原菌抑菌效果较好的杀菌剂分别为40%苯甲·吡唑醚乳油和45%咪鲜胺水乳剂。[Objective]Studying the pathogenic bacteria of sugarcane brown stripe disease in Guangxi to provide scientific basis for scientific and effective prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.[Method]Using plant tissue isolation methods,pure cultures of the pathogenic fungus were isolated from diseased sugarcane leaves in Guangxi.Pathogenicity assays,morphological observations,and phylogenetic analysis based on polygenic nucleotides sequences(rDNA-ITS,GAPDH,LSU,EF-1α)were employed to identify the pathogen.Furthermore,the sensitivity of 9 fungicides on the pathogen were also tested in vitro using the mycelial growth rate method.[Result]A pathogenic fungus named GHT-01 was isolated from diseased sugarcane leaves.The fungus isolates were brown or black colonies with sparse white aerial myceli-um.The spores were solitary or clustered,straight or slightly curved,with three septum and four cells,the third cell being larger and darker in color than the others.The size of the conidia was 12.3-24.1μm×5.2-12.8μm.Multi-locus sequence analysis showed that it clustered with model strain of Curvularia lunata(CBS730.96,CBS157.34).Koch's postulates confirmed that symptoms induced by the pathogen on healthy sugarcane leaves and conidia morphology of the re-isolated fungus matched the initially isolated strain.Therefore,the pathogenic fun-gus was identified as C.lunata.Fungicide sensitivity assays revealed that the best antimicrobial effect was observed with 40%benpyrazyl e-ther emulsion+45%prochloraz emulsion,and their ECso values were 1.43 and 1.54μg/mL,respectively.In contrast,the antimicrobial effect of 60%oxazole ether:metiram water dispersible granule was less effective,with inhibited medium concentration(ECso)values of 205.82μg/mL.[Conclusion]The study represents the first identification of C.lunata as the pathogen of brown stripe disease in sugarcane in Guangxi.Additionally,40%benpyrazyl ether emulsion+45%prochloraz emulsion are identified as effective fungicides in inhibiting the growth of the pathogen.

关 键 词：甘蔗 褐条病 分子检测 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S435.661[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]