碳纤维-金属复合电主轴关键部件优化设计  

Optimization Design of Key Components of Carbon Fiber-Metal Composite Electric Spindle

作　　者：阮佳豪 栾丛丛 陈泽众 丁泽泉 马梓健 傅建中[1,2] RUAN Jiahao;LUAN Congcong;CHEN Zezhong;DING Zequan;MA Zijian;FU Jianzhong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027,China;Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江省三维打印工艺与装备重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第10期83-90,共8页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LDT23E0501,LDT23E05011E05);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52175440)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提升电主轴的加工性能,以常见的A02型电主轴为分析对象,使用热膨胀系数小以及减振性能优异的碳纤维材料替换芯轴的不同部位,以此设计4种碳纤维-金属复合芯轴,探讨其对A02型电主轴的影响。通过有限元分析,对4种碳纤维-金属复合芯轴和常规钢芯轴的动态特性和热特性进行评估。结果表明:全碳纤维芯轴的性能最佳,而心部碳纤维芯轴可以在避免使用大量碳纤维材料的基础上实现与全碳纤维芯轴相近的效果;外侧碳纤维芯轴具有成熟的加工工艺,可以直接进行加工试验。列举了几种碳纤维-金属复合芯轴已有或具备可行性的加工方案,为碳纤维材料与电主轴结构更好地结合提供参考。To further enhance the machining performance of the electric spindle,taking the common A02 electric spindle as re-search object,different parts of the mandrel were replaced with carbon fiber material with small thermal expansion coefficient and excel-lent vibration reduction performance.Four types of carbon fiber-metal composite mandrel were designed and their impact on the A02 electric spindle was explored.Through finite element analysis,the dynamic and thermal properties of the four carbon fiber-metal com-posite mandrels and the conventional steel mandrel were evaluated.The results show that the all-carbon fiber mandrel has the best per-formance,while the inner carbon fiber mandrel can achieve similar results to the all-carbon fiber mandrel without using a large amount of carbon fiber material.The outer carbon fiber mandrel has a mature processing technology and processing tests can be performed di-rectly.Several existing or feasible schemes for machining carbon fiber-metal composite mandrel were listed,providing reference for a better combination of carbon fiber materials and electric spindle structures.

关 键 词：电主轴 碳纤维 有限元分析 热变形 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]