西吉县2022年“7·15”暴雨重力侵蚀调查与建议  

Investigation and Consideration on Gravity Erosion During July 15,2022 Rainstorm in Xiji County

作　　者：高健健 党维勤[1,2] 周子渊 李旭强[1,2] GAO Jianjian;DANG Weiqin;ZHOU Ziyuan;LI Xuqiang(Suide Soil and Water Conservation Scientific Experimental Station,YRCC,Yulin 719000,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in the Loess Plateau,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会绥德水土保持科学试验站,陕西榆林719000 [2]黄土高原水土保持与生态修复国家林业局重点实验室,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第6期109-112,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金黄河水科学联合基金重点支持项目(U2243227);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022092)。

摘　　要：2022年7月13—16日黄河中游地区发生强降雨过程,其中宁夏西吉县于7月15日出现的局地强降雨造成严重灾害,为科学评估此次强降雨造成的水土流失危害和水土保持措施的作用,水利部水土保持监测中心及时组织开展了调查工作,其中重力侵蚀专题调查采取无人机影像解译和现场复核相结合的方法获取了西吉县唐家河流域内5条典型小流域发生重力侵蚀的位置、面积及侵蚀量等。对调查结果进行统计与分析表明:此次强降雨在5条小流域内共造成重力侵蚀120处,其中崩塌85处、滑坡29处、泥石流6处,主要发生在新修梯田、道路和荒草地,次暴雨重力侵蚀强度为300~1500 t/km^(2),造成较严重重力侵蚀的原因之一是水土保持工程措施建设标准低、配套设施体系不完备。提出了适当提高水土保持工程建设标准、注重梯田田坎防护、加强道路与沟道排水设施建设等建议。On July 13-16,2022,a heavy rainfall occurred in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.Severe disaster caused by local heavy rainfall in Xiji County,Ningxia on July 15.In order to scientifically evaluate the damage of soil and water loss and the role of soil and water conservation engineering caused by this heavy rainfall,the Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Center of the Ministry of Water Resources promptly organized an investigation.The gravity erosion special investigation used a combination of drone image interpretation and on-site ver-ification to obtain the location,area and erosion amount of gravity erosion in five typical small watersheds in Tangjiahe watershed of Xiji County.The statistics and analysis of the survey results show that this heavy rainfall has caused 120 gravity erosion in five small watersheds,including 85 collapses,29 landslides and 6 debris flows,mainly in newly built terraces,roads and grassland.The gravity erosion intensity of the rainstorm is 300-1500 t/km^(2).One of the reasons for serious gravity erosion is the low standard of construction of water and soil conserva-tion engineering measures and incomplete supporting facilities system.Suggestions are put forward to appropriately improve the construction standards of soil and water conservation projects,pay attention to the protection of terraced fields and ridges,and strengthen the construction of road and ditch drainage facilities.

关 键 词：重力侵蚀 水土保持工程 无人机影像解译 唐家河流域 西吉县 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]