不同软段的长碳链聚酰胺弹性体的合成与性能  

Synthesis and properties of long carbon chain polyamide elastomers with different soft segments

作　　者：赵千龙 周南 张袁铖 赵蔚 张晓朦 崔喆[1,2,3] 付鹏 庞新厂[1,2,3] 刘民英 ZHAO Qianlong;ZHOU Nan;ZHANG Yuancheng;ZHAO Wei;ZHANG Xiaomeng;CUI Zhe;FU Peng;PANG Xinchang;LIU Minying(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Zhengzhou University Industrial Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Applications,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学材料科学与工程学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州大学产业技术研究院有限公司,郑州450001 [3]河南省先进尼龙材料及应用重点实验室,郑州450001

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第5期29-34,49,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：2022年郑州市科技惠民计划项目(2022KJHM0030);2022年河南省留学人员科研择优资助项目(22180035);2023年度河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(232102230138);2024年度河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(242102231083)。

摘　　要：为研究软段种类对聚酰胺(PA)弹性体性能的影响,合成了具有不同性能的热塑性PA弹性体(TPAE)。以十二碳二元酸、十二碳二元胺和三种不同种类的聚醚[聚环氧乙烷(PEO)、聚环氧丙烷(PPO)和聚四氢呋喃(PTHF)]为原料,采用一步法分别合成了三个系列的PA1212基热塑性弹性体。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱确定了TPAE的成功合成,通过差示扫描量热分析、热失重分析、动态力学分析(DMA)、力学性能测试、吸水性能测试和电阻率测试对TPAE的性能进行了表征。结果表明,合成的TPAE的熔点高于170℃,热分解温度高于410℃,其中PEO系列弹性体的熔点和结晶温度较高。DMA测试结果表明PEO软段与PA硬段相容性最好,而PPO系列弹性体在-50~-40℃之间的tanδ大于0.3,表明此种材料在低温下具有良好的阻尼性能。PEO系列弹性体力学性能最优,拉伸强度在30~38.5 MPa之间,断裂伸长率高于620%,且拥有较高的吸水性能,饱和吸水率可达到30.2%,体积电阻率相对于PA1212降低了6个数量级。而PTHF系列弹性体有着最低的吸水率,饱和吸水率低至1.4%。三种材料可以应用于不同场景。In order to investigate the effect of soft segment types on the properties of polyamide(PA)elastomers,thermoplastic polyamide elastomers(TPAE)with different properties were synthesized.Three series of PA1212 based thermoplastic polyamide elastomers were synthesized using one step method using dodecanedioic acid,dodecanedioic amine and three different types of polyethers[polyethylene oxide(PEO),polypropylene oxide(PPO)and polytetrahydrofuran(PTHF)]as raw materials.The successful synthesis of TPAE was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.The performance of TPAE was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry,thermogravimetric,dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA),mechanical performance testing,water absorption performance testing,and electrical resistivity testing.The results show that the melting point of the synthesized TPAE is higher than 170℃,and the thermal decomposition temperature is higher than 410℃.Among them,PEO series elastomers have slightly higher melting points and crystallization temperatures.DMA test results indicate that PEO soft segment has the best compatibility with the polyamide hard segment,while PPO series elastomers have a loss factor greater than 0.3 between-50--40℃,indicating that this material has good damping performance at low temperatures.PEO series has the best elastic and physical properties,with a tensile strength between 30-38.5 MPa,a fracture elongation rate higher than 620%,and high water absorption performance.The saturated water absorption rate can reach 30.2%,and the volume resistivity is reduced by 6 orders of magnitude compared to PA1212.PTHF series elastomers have the lowest water absorption ratio,with a satu‐ration water absorption ratio as low as 1.4%.Three materials can be applied to different scenarios.

关 键 词：长碳链聚酰胺 热塑性弹性体 聚酰胺弹性体 阻尼性能 吸水性能 

分 类 号：TQ344[化学工程—化纤工业]