老城区降雨径流污染特征分析——以北京东城区某排水分区为例  

The characteristics of rainfall runoff pollution in the old urban area:A case study of a drainage district in Dongcheng District,Beijing

作　　者：史秀芳 王丽晶 潘兴瑶 卢亚静 王岩 SHI Xiufang;WANG Lijing;PAN Xingyao;LU Yajing;WANG Yan(Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China;Qinhuangdao Haigang District River System Service Center,Qinhuangdao 066000,China;Beijing Water Authority,Beijing 100048,China;Daxing Water Authority,Bejing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048 [2]秦皇岛市海港区河长制服务中心,河北秦皇岛066000 [3]北京市水务局,北京100048 [4]大兴区水务局,北京102600

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期355-365,共11页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07103-002,2017ZX07103-007)。

摘　　要：选取北京市东城区北护城河某雨水排水口进行水质水量联合监测,分别识别了老城区在小雨、中雨、大雨3种不同雨型下的降雨径流污染特征,分析了初期冲刷效应和影响径流污染的敏感性指标及其阈值,制定了老城区源头和末端污染物管控方案。研究结果表明,降雨初期(小雨前20 min、中雨前30 min、大雨前10 min)污染物浓度较高,存在初期冲刷效应。小雨对SS、TP和TN指标的敏感性高于中雨和大雨,中雨对COD和NH_(3)-N指标的敏感性高于小雨和大雨,中雨和小雨的EMC浓度值比大雨高。对于SS、NH_(3)-N、TP指标,污染物浓度变化范围最大的分别为大雨、中雨、小雨。径流污染削减率为30%时,小雨、中雨和大雨需控制的降雨初期径流体积分别为25 m^(3)、35 m^(3)、150 m^(3),或控制降雨初期的降雨量为4 mm、9 mm、24 mm。A rainwater outlet in the north moat of Dongcheng District of Beijing was selected for joint monitoring of water quality and quantity,and the characteristics of rainfall runoff pollution in the old city under light rain,moderate rain and heavy rain were identified respectively.The initial scour effect and sensitivity indexes affecting runoff pollution and their thresholds were analyzed,and the control scheme of source and end pollutants in the old city was formulated.The results showed that the pollutant concentration was higher in the early period of rainfall(20 min before light rain,30 min before moderate rain,10 min before heavy rain),and there was an early scour effect.The sensitivity of light rain to SS,TP and TN is higher than that of moderate rain and heavy rain,the sensitivity of moderate rain to COD and NH_(3)-N is higher than that of light rain and heavy rain,and the EMC concentration value of moderate rain and light rain is higher than that of heavy rain.For SS,NH_(3)-N and TP indexes,heavy rain,moderate rain and light rain had the largest variation range of pollutant concentration.When the runoff pollution reduction rate is 30%,the runoff volume of light rain,moderate rain and heavy rain should be controlled to be 25 m^(3),35 m^(3)and 150 m^(3),or the rainfall in the early rainfall should be controlled to be 4 mm,9 mm and 24 mm respectively.

关 键 词：北京市 老城区 降雨径流 污染特征 初期冲刷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]