廊坊秋季大气污染过程中VOCs二次气溶胶生成潜势及来源分析  

Formation Potential of Secondary Organic Aerosols and Sources of Volatile Organic Compounds During an Air Pollution Episode in Autumn,Langfang

作　　者：张敬巧[1] 刘铮[1] 丁文文 朱瑶 曹婷 凌德印 王淑兰[1] 王宏亮[1] ZHANG Jing-qiao;LIU Zheng;DING Wen-wen;ZHU Yao;CAO Ting;LING De-yin;WANG Shu-lan;WANG Hong-liang(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Langfang Development Zones Environmental Protection Agency,Langfang 065001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]廊坊经济技术开发区环境保护局,廊坊065001

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第5期2622-2630,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG0307-21)。

摘　　要：于2018年10月9~17日廊坊市典型颗粒物污染过程期间,使用ZF-PKU-1007大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)在线连续监测系统对99种VOCs进行监测,并针对污染过程不同发展阶段的VOCs浓度特征、二次有机气溶胶(SOA)生成潜势及来源的变化情况进行了系统分析.结果表明,污染过程期间ρ(PM_(2.5))最高值为198μg·m^(−3),是国家环境空气质量标准二级浓度限值的2.64倍.污染过程前期、中期及后期φ(VOCs)平均值分别为56.8×10^(−9)、127.8×10^(−9)和72.5×10^(−9),污染中期VOCs浓度上升明显;VOCs的SOA生成潜势与PM_(2.5)浓度明显正相关,芳香烃SOA生成潜势贡献较大且与PM_(2.5)浓度明显相关,污染中期SOA有所升高且芳香烃对SOA贡献比例明显上升,而烷烃和烯烃贡献占比明显降低,芳香烃在污染过程中对SOA生成影响较大,芳香烃中苯、甲苯、间/对-二甲苯、邻-二甲苯及乙苯等,烷烃中壬烷、正十一烷及甲基环己烷对SOA贡献相对较高,为颗粒物污染过程中VOCs的主要控制物种.溶剂使用源和机动车排放源(汽油车和柴油车)是影响廊坊市秋季污染过程中VOCs的主要来源,其中汽油车排放贡献在污染中期贡献明显升高,为重点管控源类.A typical particulate matter pollution process occurred from October 9 to 17,2018,in Langfang,and 99 types of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were monitored by using ZF-KU-1007.The characteristics of VOCs,formation potential of secondary organic aerosol(SOA),and source of VOCs were systematically analyzed.The results showed that the maximum concentration of PM_(2.5) was 198μg·m^(−3) during the pollution process and was 2.64 times the National Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB 3095-2012).The average concentration of VOCs was 56.8×10^(−9),127.8×10^(−9),and 72.5×10^(−9) in the early,middle,and late stages of the pollution process,respectively,and the concentration of VOCs increased significantly in the middle stage.The formation potential of SOA was significantly positively correlated with PM_(2.5),and the contribution of aromatic hydrocarbon for SOA was larger and significantly correlated with the concentration of PM_(2.5).In the middle pollution stage,SOA increased,and the contribution ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon increased significantly.Conversely,the contribution of alkanes and olefin decreased significantly,which showed that aromatic hydrocarbons,namely benzene series,were the dominant species of SOA generation and had a great influence on the pollution process.Benzene,toluene,m-/p-xylene,o-xylene,and ethylbenzene and nonane,n-undecane,and methylcyclohexane were the priority control species in this pollution process.Solvent use source and motor vehicle emission source(gasoline and diesel vehicles)were the main sources affecting the concentration of VOCs during the autumn pollution process of Langfang,among which the contribution of gasoline vehicle emissions increased significantly in the middle pollution contribution and was the key control source.

关 键 词：污染过程 臭氧(O_(3)) 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 污染特征 来源解析 生成潜势 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]