中国农田土壤重金属污染分析与评价  

Analysis and Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil in China:A Meta-analysis

作　　者：杨雳 白宗旭 薄文浩 林静 杨俱佳 陈涛[1,2] YANG Li;BAI Zong-xu;BO Wen-hao;LIN Jing;YANG Ju-jia;CHEN Tao(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100 [2]农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第5期2913-2925,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：中央高校基本业务费专项(2452018143)。

摘　　要：为掌握中国农田土壤八大重金属元素(As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn)的污染现状,探究其时空变化和在不同耕地类型之间的差异,通过中国知网和Web of Science收集并整理了2005~2021年449篇相关文献数据,采用基于“样点数”、“研究区面积”和“标准差”的加权方式进行Meta分析.结果显示,中国农田土壤八大重金属的含量平均值为:ω(As)11.00 mg·kg^(−1)、ω(Cd)0.3502 mg·kg^(−1)、ω(Cr)62.91 mg·kg^(−1)、ω(Cu)28.87 mg·kg^(−1)、ω(Hg)0.1351 mg·kg^(−1)、ω(Ni)28.91 mg·kg^(−1)、ω(Pb)34.67 mg·kg^(−1)和ω(Zn)90.24 mg·kg^(−1).与土壤背景值相比,中国农田土壤中各重金属元素(除As外)均存在一定累积,其中Cd和Hg的累积量最大,分别超过对应土壤背景值177.9%和340.3%.污染评价结果表明,我国农田土壤重金属污染以Cd和Hg为主,人类活动是造成其在土壤中累积的主要影响因子;从时空变化上看,云贵高原和东部沿海是污染案例最集中的区域,污染重心随时间变化由长江中游向西南地区偏移;不同耕地类型之间土壤重金属含量存在差异,蔬菜地和水田中重金属的累积量明显大于其他耕地类型.In this study,a Meta-analysis was used to investigate the pollution status of eight farmland soil heavy metal elements(As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,and Zn)in China.Meanwhile,their spatiotemporal changes and differences between different types of cultivated land were explored.The research data were chosen from 449 relevant literature data collected by CNKI and Web of Science from 2005 to 2021,and the Meta-analysis used a weighted method based on“sampling numbers”,“study area”,and“standard deviation”.The results showed that the national average values of the eight heavy metal elements in Chinese farmland soil wereω(As)11.00 mg·kg^(−1),ω(Cd)0.3502 mg·kg^(−1),ω(Cr)62.91 mg·kg^(−1),ω(Cu)28.87 mg·kg^(−1),ω(Hg)0.1351 mg·kg^(−1),ω(Ni)28.91 mg·kg^(−1),ω(Pb)34.67 mg·kg^(−1),andω(Zn)90.24 mg·kg^(−1).Compared with their background values,all elements except As accumulated to some extent,and Cd and Hg accumulated the most,exceeding their background values by 177.9%and 340.3%,respectively.The research results indicated that Cd and Hg were the main pollution elements in farmland soil in China,and their accumulation was mainly influenced by human activities.In terms of their temporal and spatial changes,the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the eastern coast were the most concentrated areas of pollution cases,and the pollution center shifted from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River to the southwest over time.The accumulation of heavy metals in farmland soil was affected by crop planting types,and the accumulation of heavy metals in vegetable and paddy soil was significantly greater than that in other cultivated land types.

关 键 词：中国农田 土壤重金属 空间分布 污染评价 META分析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]