黄河流域山东段近河道煤矿区土壤重金属污染特征及源解析  

Pollution Characteristics and Source Analysis of Soil Heavy Metal in Coal Mine Area near the Yellow River in Shandong

作　　者：戴文婷[1,2] 张晖 吴霞 钟鸣 段桂兰 董霁红[1] 张培培[2] 樊洪明 DAI Wen-ting;ZHANG Hui;WU Xia;ZHONG Ming;DUAN Gui-lan;DONG Ji-hong;ZHANG Pei-pei;FAN Hong-ming(School of Environment and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Geophysical Prospecting and Surveying Team of Shandong Bureau of Coal Geological,Jinan 250104,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,徐州221116 [2]山东省煤田地质局物探测量队,济南250104 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第5期2952-2961,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：山东省煤田地质局重点科研专项(鲁煤地科字(2022)14号);国家自然科学基金项目(52061135111)。

摘　　要：以黄河流域山东段近河道煤矿区土壤为研究对象,采用地累积污染指数法和改进内梅罗污染指数法对土壤重金属污染特征进行评估,利用绝对主成分-多元线性回归模型(APCS-MLR)定量解析了土壤重金属污染来源,并结合ArcGIS中克里金空间差值法分析土壤Hg和Cd空间分布,进一步验证了模型源解析结果的准确性.结果表明,土壤Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni、As和Hg实测含量均超出了正常场地,其中,土壤Hg和Cd超出了土壤元素背景值.Hg的变异系数(CV)均高于0.500,空间异质性明显,且与其他重金属相关性极低,存在相同污染来源的可能性很小.地累积污染指数和改进内梅罗污染指数结果显示,土壤重金属总体处于偏中度污染,其中,土壤Hg污染程度最高,最大值处于偏重度污染程度,Cu、Cd和As存在局部污染情况,处于轻度污染程度,土壤重金属污染与煤矿区开采活动、修复整治和工程施工等密切相关.研究区土壤重金属两大污染源分别为成土母质和工矿业交通的复合源(已知源1)、大气沉降和煤炭生产的复合源(已知源2),其贡献率分别为76.705%和16.171%;通过克里金空间差值模拟的Hg和Cd含量分布证明了APCS-MLR模型的解析结果较为可信.研究可为黄河流域山东段煤矿区土壤重金属污染精准防治和改良、保障粮食和农产品安全,以及提高生态环境质量提供科学依据.To explore the pollution characteristics and source of soil heavy metal in a coal mine area near the Yellow River in Shandong,the geo-accumulation index method and improved Nemerow pollution index method were used to evaluate the pollution characteristics of soil heavy metal.The absolute principal component-multiple linear regression model(APCS-MLR)was used to quantitatively analyze the source of soil heavy metal,and the spatial distribution of Hg and Cd were analyzed using the Kriging spatial difference method in ArcGIS.The result accuracy of the APCS-MLR model was further verified.The results showed that:The measured contents of soil heavy metal Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd,Ni,As,and Hg all exceeded the normal site,among which,Hg and Cd exceeded the background values of soil elements in Shandong.The coefficient of variation(CV)of Hg was higher than 0.500,indicating significant spatial heterogeneity.Moreover,the correlation between Hg and other heavy metals was generally low,and the possibility of the same pollution source was small.The results of the geo-accumulation index and improved Nemerow pollution index showed that the overall soil heavy metal pollution was at a moderate level,among which the Hg pollution level was the highest,and its maximum value was at a slanted-heavy pollution level;Cu,Cd,and As in soil caused local pollution,which were at a slanted-light pollution level.Soil heavy metal pollution was closely related to mining activities,rehabilitation,and engineering construction in the coal mine area.The two major pollution sources of soil heavy metal in the research area were the compound source of the parent material and industrial and mining transportation sources(known source 1)and the compound source of atmospheric sedimentation and coal production(known source 2),the contribution rates of which were 76.705%and 16.171%,respectively.The results of the APCS-MLR model were shown to be reliable by analyzing the content distribution of Hg and Cd using the Kriging space difference mode.This research can provide sc

关 键 词：土壤重金属 污染特征 绝对主成分-多元线性回归模型(APCS-MLR) 源解析 克里金空间差值 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]