谷子品种光合性能综合评价及高光效品种筛选  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Photosynthetic Performance of Foxtail Millet Varieties and Screening of High Photosynthetic Efficiency Varieties

作　　者：闫锋[1] 董扬[1] 赵富阳[1] 侯晓敏 李清泉[1] 王立达[1] 李青超[1] 刘洋[1] 张磊 刘凯[3] YAN Feng;DONG Yang;ZHAO Fuyang;HOU Xiaomin;LI Qingquan;WANG Lida;LI Qingchao;LIU Yang;ZHANG Lei;LIU Kai(Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,China;Institute of Rural Revitalization Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150028,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院乡村振兴科技研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150028 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2024年第5期40-48,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技计划重点攻关项目(ZDGG-2022011);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-07-06B)。

摘　　要：采用大田试验,对37个谷子品种的光合指标[胞间CO_(2)浓度(X_(1))、蒸腾速率(X_(2))、气孔导度(X_(3))、净光合速率(X_(4))、瞬时水分利用效率(X_(5))]、叶片形态指标[叶面积(X_(6))、叶干质量(X_(7))、比叶质量(X_(8))]进行测定,运用模糊隶属函数、主成分分析、相关分析和聚类分析对谷子品种的光合性能进行综合评价,筛选高光效品种,并采用逐步回归分析建立光合性能预测回归方程,为高光效谷子种质筛选及利用提供参考。结果表明,37个谷子品种的光合指标和叶片形态指标在品种间存在较大差异,CV在3.41%~33.94%,气孔导度的CV最大(33.94%),比叶质量的CV最小(3.41%)。相关分析结果表明,胞间CO_(2)浓度与蒸腾速率、净光合速率均呈极显著负相关;蒸腾速率与净光合速率呈极显著正相关;瞬时水分利用效率与蒸腾速率呈极显著负相关,与净光合速率呈显著负相关;叶面积与叶干质量呈极显著正相关。利用主成分分析将8个指标转化为3个独立的综合指标,蒸腾速率、净光合速率可作为谷子光合性能鉴定的评价指标。通过聚类分析,将37个谷子品种划分为3类(高光效、中等光效、低光效),筛选出嫩选22、大同25、公谷88、燕谷18、晋谷20、蒙丰7号、陇谷13、公谷75等8个高光效品种,可作为高光效育种亲本材料加以利用。利用逐步回归分析方法建立了谷子光合性能评估回归模型(D=-1.391984196+0.0006197870034X_(1)+0.05151928948X_(2)+0.6743996722X_(3)+0.013844082338X_(4)+0.05823028478X_(5)+0.003403878541X_(6)+0.05188199792X_(8))。A field experiment was conducted to determine the photosynthetic indexes[intercellular CO_(2) concentration(X_(1)),transpiration rate(X_(2)),stomatal conductance(X_(3)),net photosynthetic rate(X_(4)),instantaneous water use efficiency(X_(5))]and leaf morphological indexes[leaf area(X_(6)),dry leaf weight(X_(7)),specific leaf weight(X_(8))]of 37 foxtail millet varieties,the fuzzy membership function,principal component analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the photosynthetic performance of foxtail millet varieties,the varieties with high photosynthetic efficiency were screened,and the regression equation of photosynthetic performance prediction was established by stepwise regression analysis,so as to provide a reference for the screening and utilization of high photosynthetic efficiency foxtail millet germplasm.The results showed that the photosynthetic indexes and leaf morphological indexes were significantly different among 37 foxtail millet varieties.The CV ranged from 3.41%to 33.94%.The CV of stomatal conductance was the largest(33.94%),and the CV of specific leaf weight was the smallest(3.41%).The results of correlation analysis showed that intercellular CO_(2) concentration was significantly negatively correlated with transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate;Transpiration rate was significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate;Instantaneous water use efficiency was significantly negatively correlated with transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate;Leaf area was significantly positively correlated with dry leaf weight.Principal component analysis was used to transform the 8 indicators into 3 independent comprehensive indicators.Transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate could be used as evaluation indicators for the identification of photosynthetic performance of foxtail millet.Through cluster analysis,37 foxtail millet varieties were divided into three categories(high photosynthetic efficiency,medium photosynthetic efficiency

关 键 词：谷子 高光效 光合性能 综合评价 筛选 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]