中国氦气资源及区带分类体系、控藏要素有效性与富集模式  

Helium resource and play classification systems, effective reservoir control elements and enrichment patterns in China

作　　者：陶士振[1] 陈悦 杨怡青 Shizhen TAO;Yue CHEN;Yiqing YANG(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2024年第5期869-889,共21页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司关键核心技术攻关项目(编号:2021ZG13)资助。

摘　　要：基于氦气来源、赋存载体、地质背景及典型富氦气田解剖,分析梳理了氦气资源及区带分类体系、控藏要素有效性及主要富集模式。基于氦气自身特殊性及依附于天然气聚集成藏相关性分析,从氦气来源多样性、赋存载体类型、载体气技术经济性、载体气成因、载体气主要组分、氦气源储组合、原型盆地构造背景及氦气含量等9个方面,首先分析梳理了中国氦气资源类型划分方案与分类体系,为后续分门别类针对性细化研究和评价奠定基础。其次,分析指出了中国东中西部氦气资源类型纵横向分布变化特征、发育的构造动力学背景、地质地球化学特征与成藏关键条件。第三,从氦气“生—运—聚”系统与富氦气藏形成控制要素及有效性角度,剖析了氦气聚集控藏要素有效性及地质评价值得重视的相关问题,指出了氦气成藏和勘探评价中的认识误区。最后,从盆地构造背景、控氦富集机制及勘探思路和方向角度,提出了中国氦气赋存的“原盆—构造—岩性—载气”4层次要素组合区带的勘探选区评价思路及分类方案,据此梳理了中国4类盆地8类富氦区带,分析并建立了中国克拉通古隆起型、克拉通边缘断褶变异型、坳陷盆地断隆型、前陆盆地斜坡/隆起型、断陷盆地断凸型及富铀钍基岩型等8种典型区带富氦气田富集模式暨勘探模式,剖析了不同类型富氦气藏形成主控因素,为后续探寻发现类似富氦气区和目标评价提供思路参考。Based on the source of helium,carrier,geological background,and anatomy of typical helium-rich fields,the classification system,effective reservoir control elements,and major enrichment and exploration modes of helium resources in China are analyzed.Firstly,based on the special characteristics of helium and the correlation analysis of natural gas accumulation and reservoir formation,we analyzed and sorted out the helium resource and play type classification scheme and classification system in China from nine aspects,namely,the source of helium parental sources,helium type diversities,the storage and carrier types,the technically and economically recoverable characteristics of carrier gases,the carrier gas genesis,the main components of carrier gases,the matching combination of helium sources and reservoirs,and background of prototype basin structure,helium content,so as to lay the foundation for the subsequent targeted and detailed studies and evaluation programs in different categories.Secondly,the analysis points out the characteristics of helium resource types in the east,middle,and west of China in terms of longitudinal and transverse distribution,tectonic dynamics,geological and geochemical characteristics,and key conditions for the formation of helium deposits.Thirdly,from the perspective of the helium“generation-migration-accumulation”system and the controlling elements and effectiveness of helium-rich reservoir formation,we analyze the effective controlling elements of helium accumulation and the related problems that deserve attention in geological evaluation and point out the misunderstandings in helium reservoir formation and exploration evaluation.Last but not least,from the perspective of basin tectonic background,helium enrichment controlling mechanism and exploration direction,the exploration and evaluation direction and classification scheme for the four element combination zones of“original basin-structure-lithology-carrier gas”helium accumulation in China have been proposed,based on whic

关 键 词：氦气资源 资源分类体系 控藏要素 区带层次要素 “原盆—构造—岩性—载气”组合区带 区带分类方案 富集模式 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]