连续施用不同种类畜禽粪肥对土壤结合态腐殖质组成的影响  

Effects of Various Livestock Manure under Continuous Application on Composition of Soil Bound Humus

作　　者：李晓航 吴景贵[1] 孟庆龙 陈晓东 朱文悦 LI Xiaohang;WU Jinggui;MENG Qinglong;CHEN Xiaodong;ZHU Wenyue(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2024年第2期297-305,共9页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500103);吉林省科技发展重点攻关项目(20190301018NY)。

摘　　要：为探究长期连续施用不同种类畜禽粪肥对土壤结合态腐殖质组成的影响,于2010年开始,在吉林农业大学试验站进行了长期定位小区试验研究。试验共设置4种处理,分别为连续施用鸡粪处理(ChM)、连续施用猪粪处理(PM)、连续施用牛粪处理(CM)以及单施化肥的空白对照(ck)。分别于施用后的1年、3年、5年、7年的10月进行小区土壤采样,并进行分析,基于Anderson方法,将腐殖质分为松结态、联结态、稳结态、紧结态腐殖质。结果表明:随着畜禽粪肥连续施用年限的延长,ck处理的松结态腐殖质含量无明显变化,而连续施用畜禽粪肥处理的松结态腐殖含量随时间延长而升高。连续施用7年后,ChM处理的松结态腐殖质比对照增加107%,CM、PM处理分别增加了88.1%,88.8%。此外,ChM处理松结合态腐殖质胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)含量始终显著高于ck,但胡富比(H/F)随着时间变化处理间差异不显著。对于联结态腐殖质,畜禽粪肥处理腐殖质含量均高于ck,但是,随着连续施用年限的延长各处理间差异不显著。连续施用1,3年后,PM、ChM处理含量最高。此外,ChM、CM、PM处理间联结态HA含量差异不显著,但ChM处理H/F始终显著高于ck,而FA含量则随时间延长而下降,其中PM、CM处理显著高于ck。稳结态腐殖质含量随连续施用时间延长呈现逐步上升趋势,连续施用5年后迅速上升,7年后各处理稳结态腐殖质含量达到最高值,ChM、PM处理与ck相比差异显著。CM处理的H/F显著高于其他处理,连续施用5年后,与ck相比,ChM、PM、CM处理FA含量处理分别升高了53.3%,45.8%,15.0%。对于紧结态腐殖质,畜禽粪肥的连续施用提高了土壤紧结态腐殖质含量,并且PM、ChM处理显著高于ck处理。In order to explore the effects of long-term continuous application of different kinds of livestock manure on bound humus and its composition in soil,a long-term pilot study was conducted in Jilin Agricultural University Experimental Station in 2010.Four treatments were set up in the experiment,namely,continuous application of chicken manure(ChM),continuous application of pig manure(PM),continuous application of cow manure(CM)and blank control(ck)with single application of chemical fertilizer.Soil samples were collected and analyzed in October of the first year,the third year,the fifth year and the seventh year after the experiment.Based on Anderson′s method,humus was divided into loose,connected,stable and tight humus.The results showed that with the extension of continuous application years of livestock manure,the loose humus content of ck treatment had no obvious change,while the loose humus content of continuous application of livestock manure treatment increased with the extension of time.After 7 years of continuous application,the loose humus treated by ChM increased by 107%,while the CM and PM treatments increased by 88.1%and 88.8%,respectively.In addition,the contents of humic acid(HA)and fulvic acid(FA)in loosely bound humus treated with ChM were always significantly higher than ck,but the difference of Hu-Fu ratio(H/F)with time was not significant.For bound humus,the content of humus treated with livestock manure was higher than ck.After continuous application for 1 or 3 years,the content of PM and ChM treatment was the highest.However,with the extension of continuous application years,there was no significant difference among the treatments.In addition,there was no significant difference between ChM,CM and PM treatments in the content of bound HA,but the H/F of ChM treatment was always significantly higher than ck,while the FA content decreased with the extension of time,with PM and CM treatments significantly higher than ck.The content of stabilized humus showed a gradual upward trend with the exten

关 键 词：土壤 腐殖质 畜禽粪肥 连续施用 腐殖质结合形态 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]