中介人积极调查义务论  

Study on the Duty of Active Investigation by Intermediaries

作　　者：陈爱碧 CHEN Aibi(School of Law,China JiLiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China 310018)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学法学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第1期49-59,共11页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“代理权限与权力分离中的第三人信赖保护”(21NDJC086YB)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：积极调查义务与如实报告义务的关键区别在于二者的注意程度不同。典型中介合同模式下,基于中介合同特殊的利益结构,中介人不负有积极调查义务。中介人积极调查义务主要存在于两种情形。第一种情形为双方采取单独委托模式。在此模式下,委托人多方委托之自由被排除,甚至于自行缔约之自由亦受限制,其不得不依赖于特定中介人服务,故须课以中介人积极调查义务,重新平衡双方利益。此时中介合同具有委托合同特质,中介人积极调查义务规范基础为《中华人民共和国民法典》第966条的参照适用。第二种情形为非单独委托模式下,中介人具有专业人士地位。专业中介人在信息获取方面具有显著优势,使委托人对其具有合理信赖,故其在专业知识或技能范围内负有积极调查义务。该积极调查义务为专业中介人的附随义务,规范基础应为《中华人民共和国民法典》第509条第2款。The key difference between the duty of active investigation and the duty of truthful report lies in the degree of attention.Under a typical intermediary contract mode,due to its special interest structure,the intermediary has no duty of active investigation which mainly exists in two situations.First,the two parties adopt an independent entrusting mode,under which the freedom of multi-party entrusting of the client is excluded and even the freedom of self-contracting is restricted.They have to rely on the service of a specific intermediary to take the duty of active investigation to re-balance the interests of both parties.In this case,the intermediary contract has the characteristics of entrusting contract and the Article 966 of the Civil Code is applicable to the normative basis.Second,it is under a non-independent entrusting mode and the intermediary has a professional status.As the professional intermediary has a significant advantage in information acquisition,the client has a reasonable trust and the intermediary has the duty of active investigation within the scope of professional knowledge or skills.The duty of active investigation is a subsidiary duty of a professional intermediary and the Article 509(2)of the Civil Code is applicable to the normative basis.

关 键 词：中介合同 如实报告 积极调查 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]