芫花枝叶三萜类化学成分及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究  

Chemical constituents from branches and leaves of Daphne genkwa and theirα-glucosidase inhibitory activities

作　　者：薛俊娟 叶国华[1] 魏国栋[1,2,3] 王雷清 杨丹 李波[1,2,3] XUE Junjuan;YE Guohua;WEI Guodong;WANG Leiqing;YANG Dan;LI Bo(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yantai 264199,China;New Technology Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production and Quality Control in Universities of Shandong Province,Yantai 264199,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for High-quality Development of Genuine Medicinal Materials Industry in the Yellow River Basin,Yantai 264199,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药高等专科学校中药系,山东烟台264199 [2]山东省高等学校中药生产与质量控制新技术研发中心,山东烟台264199 [3]黄河流域道地药材产业高质量发展协同创新中心,山东烟台264199

出　　处：《中草药》2024年第8期2524-2532,共9页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22177016);山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(2020M037);2019年医疗服务与保障能力提升补助资金“全国中药资源普查项目”(财社[2019]39号)。

摘　　要：目的研究芫花Daphne genkwa枝叶中三萜类成分及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。方法运用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱及重结晶等多种分离方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质以及波谱数据对分离的单体化合物进行结构鉴定,对获得的化合物测定α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结果从芫花95%乙醇提取物中共分离得到20个三萜类化合物,分别鉴定为山楂酸(1)、常春藤皂苷元(2)、齐墩果酸(3)、3β,13β-dihydroxyolean-11-en-28-oic acid(4)、11-oxoerythrodiol(5)、3β-hydroxy-11-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid(6)、坡模酸(7)、3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-aldehyde(8)、3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-11-one(9)、3-羰基齐墩果酸(10)、古柯二醇(11)、oleanolic acid 2-oxopropyl ester(12)、熊果酸(13)、ilelatifol A(14)、3β-hydroxy-11-oxours-12-en-28-oic acid(15)、2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(16)、3β-hydroxy-11-oxoursan-12-ene(17)、2-oxopropyl(3β)-3-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oate(18)、熊果醛(19)和11α-methoxyurs-12-ene-3β,12-diol(20)。其中化合物1、3、4、13、15和16对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有较明显的抑制活性。结论化合物6为首次从芫花中分离得到。化合物1~5、7~20为瑞香属内首次分离得到。化合物1、3、4、13、15和16表现出高于阳性对照阿卡波糖的α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性,这表明芫花的枝叶中含具有降糖作用的天然活性分子。Objective To investigate the triterpenoid constituents and their inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase found in the branches and leaves of Yuanhua(Daphne genkwa Sieb.et Zucc).Methods The 95%ethanol extract of D.genkwa was separated and purified by silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,semi-preparative HPLC and other separation methods,and the structures of the isolates were identified according to the physical and chemical properties as well as spectral data.The inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase of the obtained compounds was examined.Results A total of 20 triterpenoids were elucidated as maslinic acid(1),hederagenin(2),oleanolic acid(3),3β,13β-dihydroxyolean-11-en-28-oic acid(4),11-oxoerythrodiol(5),3β-hydroxy-11-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid(6),pomolic acid(7),3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-aldehyde(8),3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-11-one(9),3-oxo-oleanolic acid(10),erythrodiol(11),oleanolic acid 2-oxopropyl ester(12),ursolic acid(13),ilelatifol A(14),3β-hydroxy-11-oxours-12-en-28-oic acid(15),2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(16),3β-hydroxy-11-oxo-ursan-12-ene(17),2-oxopropyl(3β)-3-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oate(18),ursolic aldehyde(19)and 11α-methoxyurs-12-ene-3β,12-diol(20).Amongst,compounds 1,3,4,13,15 and 16 were observed with good inhibitory activity againstα-glucosidase.Conclusion Compound 6 was reported from Daphne genkwa Sieb.et Zucc for the first time.Compounds 1-5 and 7-20 were reported from Daphne genus for the first time.Compounds 1,3,4,13,15 and 16 displayed superior inhibitory activity compared to the positive control acarbose againstα-glucosidase.This suggests the presence of bioactive constituents with hypoglycemic activity in the branches and leaves of D.genkwa.

关 键 词：芫花 齐墩果烷型三萜 乌苏烷型三萜 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性 山楂酸 常春藤皂苷元 齐墩果酸 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]