高应力环境下复杂错断机制隧道模型试验装置的研制与应用  

Development and application of a model test device for active fault tunnels crossing complex fault under high in-situ stress environment

作　　者：崔臻[1] 张佳威 盛谦[1] 马亚丽娜 周光新 颜天佑 李建贺 CUI Zhen;ZHANG Jiawei;SHENG Qian;MA Yalina;ZHOU Guangxin;YAN Tianyou;LI Jianhe(State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan,Hubei 430023,China;CCCC Second Highway Consultant Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan,Hubei 430056,China;Nanchang Water Authority,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330000,China;Changjiang Institute of Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430071 [2]武汉轻工大学土木工程与建筑学院,湖北武汉430023 [3]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430056 [4]南昌市水利局,江西南昌330000 [5]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2024年第5期1080-1095,共16页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB2390400);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52079133,52379112)。

摘　　要：活动断层受构造作用发生错动时,跨越活动断层的隧道将会发生不同程度的结构损伤及破坏。现存模拟跨活断层隧道错断的试验装置,大多针对浅埋隧道,未考虑深部应力环境,影响其试验结果在大埋深高应力隧道工程中的应用。鉴于此,研制可模拟高地应力环境下复杂断层错动机制的试验装置成为关键一环。结合我国西部强震区大型生命线工程跨活断层隧道特征确定试验装置参数需求,研制出试验装置,并基于该装置研究深埋与浅埋隧道衬砌破坏特征的差异。结果表明:(1)我国西部强震区工程跨活断层隧道具有大埋深、高地应力、复杂错断特征,故确定试验装置围压加载设计参数为0.8 MPa;水平错距设置为20 cm,竖直错距设置为10 cm。(2)通过开展自由场及隧道模型错断试验,验证设备可有效遂行走滑错动、倾滑错动、以及走滑–倾滑耦合错动,且在错动过程中围压可保持在稳定状态,达到研制目的。(3)通过隧道错断试验得出,深埋隧道产生较大的挤压变形,破坏区域较大;浅埋隧道在跨断层位置隧道被剪断,破坏程度较严重;在断层与隧道交角小角度时隧道破坏更严重。该设备的研制为研究高应力环境下跨复杂机制活断层隧道受破环影响提供重要的试验装备基础。When active faults experience tectonic movements,tunnels crossing these active faults will undergo varying degrees of structural damage and failure.Existing experimental setups that simulate the fault displacement of tunnels crossing active faults are mostly designed for shallow-buried tunnels and do not consider deep-seated stress conditions.This limitation has impacted the applicability of their test results to deep-buried,high-stress tunnel projects.Given this,the development of an experimental apparatus capable of simulating complex fault-displacement mechanisms under high in-situ stress conditions becomes a crucial component.This study,in conjunction with the characteristics of large lifeline projects crossing active faults in the strong seismic zone of western China,determined the parameters required for the experimental apparatus.We have successfully developed this apparatus and utilized it to investigate the differences in lining damage characteristics between deep-buried and shallow-buried tunnels.The results show that:(1)tunnel structures crossing active fault zones in the strong seismic regions of western China exhibit features such as significant burial depth,high in-situ stress,and complex fault displacement.Consequently,the design parameters for the experimental apparatus were determined,including a confinement pressure of 0.8 MPa,a horizontal fault offset of 20 cm,and a vertical fault offset of 10 cm.(2)By conducting free-field and tunnel model fault-displacement experiments,it was confirmed that the equipment can effectively simulate pure strike-slip,dip-slip,and strike-slip/dip-slip-coupled fault movements.Moreover,it was observed that the confining pressure remains stable during the fault movement process,thereby achieving the objectives of this research and equipment development.(3)The tunnel fault-displacement tests yielded the following outcomes:Deep-buried tunnels exhibited significant compressive deformation,resulting in larger areas of damage.Shallow-buried tunnels,on the other hand,experi

关 键 词：隧道工程 活断层 复杂错断机制 高地应力 试验装置 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]