基于爆破漏斗试验的中深孔爆破参数优化研究  

Optimization of Medium-Length Hole Blasting Parameters Based on Blasting Crater Test

作　　者：张兵 杨世兴 龚武田 王建栋 ZHANG Bing;YANG Shixing;GONG Wutian;WANG Jiandong(Chambishi Copper Mine,NFC Africa Mining Co.,Ltd.,Kitwe 22592,Zambia;School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中色非洲矿业有限公司谦比希铜矿,赞比亚基特韦22592 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第5期25-30,共6页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51834001)。

摘　　要：某铜矿采用分段空场中深孔爆破落矿,为了提高爆破质量,基于利文斯顿爆破漏斗理论开展了单孔系列、变孔距多孔同段爆破漏斗试验,并以试验结果为基础设计了中深孔爆破工业试验,最终确定了有利于降低炸药单耗、改善爆破效果的合理爆破参数。爆破漏斗试验得到的药包临界埋深为0.964 m,最佳埋深为0.470 m,最佳爆破漏斗半径为0.429 m,孔间距与最佳漏斗半径的最优比值为1.64;优化后的中深孔爆破孔底距为2.6~2.8 m、排距为2 m;中深孔爆破工业试验过程中,将部分炮孔排距增加到2.2 m,大块率并未提高,爆破效果良好,实际炸药单耗从0.47 kg/t降低到0.39 kg/t。A certain copper mine adopts sublevel open-stope medium-length hole blasting for ore falling.In order to improve the blasting quality,blasting crater tests of single-hole series and multi-hole simultaneous blasting with different hole distances were carried out according to Livingston blasting crater theory.Based on the test results,industrial tests of medium-length hole blasting were designed to determine reasonable parameters which are conductive to reducinf unit explosive consumption and improving the blasting effect.The critical buried depth of the charge obtained by the blasting crater test is 0.964 m,the optimal buried depth is 0.470 m,the optimal blasting crater radius is 0.429 m,and the optimal ratio of hole spacing to the optimal crater radius is 1.64.For the medium-length hole blasting,the optimized hole bottom distance is 2.6-2.8 m,and the hole row spacing is 2 m.In the industrial test of medium-length hole blasting,when the row spacing of some holes is increased to 2.2 m,the block rate is not improved,and the blasting effect is good.The actual unit consumption of explosives is reduced from 0.47 kg/t to 0.39 kg/t.

关 键 词：爆破漏斗 中深孔爆破 炸药单耗 炮孔参数 

分 类 号：TD235.4[矿业工程—矿井建设] TD853.362