老挝固体钾盐尾矿低成本胶凝固化材料研究  

Research on Low-Cost Cementitious Solidification Materials for Solid Potash Tailings in Laos

作　　者：郑伯坤 石勇 黄腾龙 彭亮 郑博洋 尹旭岩 周晃 江科 ZHENG Bokun;SHI Yong;HUANG Tenglong;PENG Liang;ZHENG Boyang;YIN Xuyan;ZHOU Huang;JIANG Ke(Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China;State Key Laboratory of Metal Mine Safety Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China;Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Mine Solid Waste,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012 [2]金属矿山安全技术国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410012 [3]湖南省矿山固废综合利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第5期66-73,共8页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904003,2023YFC2907203);湖南省高新技术产业科技创新引领计划项目(2022GK4057);湖南省自然资源厅科技项目(2022-40)。

摘　　要：为解决钾盐尾矿尾盐与老卤难固结以及固结成本高等难题,开展了传统常规胶凝材料与尾盐的强度配比试验,分析尾盐的固结特性,根据尾盐的特性,研发了两种新型胶凝材料,并探究了新型胶凝材料在不同灰砂比和质量浓度下与尾盐的固结强度。研究结果表明,以氧化钙作为胶凝材料,当灰砂比较大时,其与尾盐混合后的固结效果差,试块抗压强度低,而随着灰砂比的降低,试块的最佳强度可达到1.20 MPa;氧化镁可以显著提升尾盐充填体的强度,试块28 d强度最高可达22.06 MPa;粉煤灰和钢渣作为胶凝材料时,尾盐和老卤无法实现固结,不宜作为尾盐的胶凝材料。1^(#)新型胶凝材料与尾盐混合固结后试块的强度偏低,最高强度仅达到1.20 MPa,不能满足充填体的强度要求,但其能降低充填体表面的粗糙程度;2^(#)新型胶凝材料在灰砂比为1∶8且料浆质量浓度为72%时,试块的28 d强度可以达到3.17 MPa;与氧化镁相比,当试块强度达到2.00~3.00 MPa时,胶凝材料的充填成本降低了50%以上。In order to solve the problems of difficult solidification of tail salt and old brine of potash tailings as well as the high cost of solidification,the strength-proportion tests of traditional conventional cementitious materials and tail salt was carried out,and the solidification characteristics of tail salt were analyzed.According to the characteristics of tail salt,two new cementitious materials were developed,and the solidification strength of new cementitious materials with tail salt under different cement-sand ratio and mass concentration was explored.The research results indicate that using calcium oxide as a cementitious material,the solidification effect after mixing with tail salt is poor when the cement-sand ratio is large,and the compressive strength of the test blocks is low.As the cement-sand ratio decreases,the optimal strength of the test blocks only reaches 1.20 MPa.Magnesium oxide can significantly enhance the strength of the tail salt backfill,and the maximum strength of the test blocks after 28 days can reach 22.06 MPa.When fly ash and steel slag are used as cementitious materials,the tail salt and old brine cannot achieve solidification and are not suitable as cementitious materials for tail salt.The strength of the 1^(#)new cementitious material mixed with tail salt after solidification is relatively low,with a maximum strength of only 1.20 MPa,which cannot meet the strength requirements of the backfill.However,it can reduce the roughness of the surface of the backfill.When the cement-sand ratio is 1∶8 and the slurry mass concentration is 72%,the 28th day strength of the test blocks of the 2^(#)new cementitious material can reach 3.17 MPa.Compared with magnesium oxide,when the strength of the test blocks reaches 2.00-3.00 MPa,the filling cost of the 2^(#)cementitious material is reduced by more than 50%.

关 键 词：钾盐尾矿 尾盐 胶凝固化材料 充填体强度 充填成本 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]