坚硬顶板工作面支架前方切顶卸压技术研究  

Research on Pressure Relief Technology of Roof Cutting in Front of Working Face Support in Hard Roof

作　　者：李奥立 王沉 苟仁涛 李子臣 黄文 LI Aoli;WANG Chen;GOU Rentao;LI Zichen;HUANG Wen(College of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Energy Bureau of Qian Xi'nan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Qian Xi'nan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Guizhou 562400,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]黔西南布依族苗族自治州能源局,贵州黔西南布依族苗族自治州562399

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第5期85-91,共7页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174072);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般354);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般264)。

摘　　要：针对青龙煤矿21606工作面上部坚硬顶板难以垮落造成工作面支架支撑压力过大的问题,运用理论计算、数值模拟、现场实测的手段,分析了工作面切顶前后的覆岩运移特征及切顶后的工作面支架来压情况,开展现场工业试验,验证了支架前方切顶技术卸压效果。结果表明:采用切顶技术能够切断坚硬顶板之间的联系,根据强制放顶断裂力学模型计算出了切顶后的第1层基本顶的初次断裂步距为27.3 m,第2层基本顶的初次断裂步距为50.3 m,相较于未切顶条件下,分别减小了4.3 m、8.3 m;采用数值模拟分析了上覆岩层的运移规律,得出最佳切顶高度为15 m;切顶后工作面支架平均支撑压力由36 MPa减小为26.5 MPa;切顶后工作面基本顶在开采50 m后完全破断;根据来压规律,得出切顶技术实施间距为50 m。支架前方切顶卸压技术对减少工作面的煤壁片帮、增加采空区侧顶板垮落量、降低工作面支架压力等方面都有较好的效果。Aiming at the problem of excessive support pressure on the working face caused by the hard roof of the upper part of the 21606 working face in Qinglong Coal Mine,the theoretical calculation,numerical simulation and field measurement were used to analyze the overlying strata movement characteristics before and after the roof cutting of the working face and the pressure of the working face support after the roof cutting.The field industrial test was carried out to verify the pressure relief effect of the roof cutting technology in front of the support.The results are as followings.Firstly,the use of roof cutting technology can cut off the connection between hard roofs.According to the forced caving fracture mechanics model,the initial fracture step of the first main roof after roof cutting is calculated to be 27.3 m,and the initial fracture step of the second main roof is 50.3 m,which is 4.3 m and 8.3 m lower than that without roof cutting.Secondly,the migration law of the overlying strata was analyzed by numerical simulation,and the best height of roof cutting is 15 m.Finally,the average support pressure of the working face support after roof cutting is reduced from 36 MPa to 26.5 MPa.After the roof cutting,the basic roof of the working face is completely broken after 50 m mining.According to the law of pressure,the implementation spacing of roof cutting technology is 50 m.The roof cutting and pressure relief technology in front of the support has a good effect on reducing the coal wall spalling of the working face,increasing the roof caving amount on the side of the goaf,and reducing the support pressure of the working face.

关 键 词：坚硬顶板 支架前方切顶卸压 初次断裂步距 切顶高度 

分 类 号：TD323[矿业工程—矿井建设]