放电等离子烧结Cu-15Ni-8Sn/石墨自润滑复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究  

Friction and Wear Properties of Spark Plasma Sintered Cu-15Ni-8Sn/Graphite Self-Lubricating Composites

作　　者：马文林 刘益超 王小超 苏博[2] MA Wenlin;LIU Yichao;WANG Xiaochao;SU Bo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Gansu Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physic,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Gansu Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所中国科学院材料磨损与防护重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《摩擦学学报（中英文）》2024年第4期509-518,共10页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51765029)资助。

摘　　要：以Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金为基体,石墨为润滑剂,采用放电等离子烧结技术制备了Cu-15Ni-8Sn/石墨自润滑复合材料.使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和万能试验机研究了复合材料的微观组织、物相组成和室温力学性能,通过球-盘式摩擦试验机测试复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,利用三维轮廓仪测量材料磨损体积,借助扫描电子显微镜对磨痕形貌进行表征.结果表明:向Cu-15Ni-8Sn基体材料中添加石墨后,材料的硬度明显降低;随着石墨含量的提高,复合材料的抗压强度逐渐降低.当添加质量分数为3%的石墨时,Cu-15Ni-8Sn/石墨自润滑复合材料的耐磨性最好,磨损率最小为3.0×10^(-6)mm^(3)/(N·m),其磨损机理主要以磨粒磨损为主.The Cu-15Ni-8Sn/graphite self-lubricating composites with different graphite contents were prepared by spark plasma sintering.The Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy was used as matrix while graphite was used as lubricant.The microstructure,phase composition and room-temperature mechanical property of the composites were investigated using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffractometer and universal testing machine.The frictional and wear properties of the composites were tested by ball-disk friction testing machine at 3,5 and 10 N,respectively.The wear volume of the composites was measured by a 3D profilometer.The wear scar morphology was characterized by a scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the relative density of the Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy was 93%,the compressive strength was 1143 MPa.The average friction coefficient and wear rate of the alloy gradually decreased as the load increases and achieves to its minimum 0.5,when the load was 10 N.The minimum wear rate was 3.0×10^(−4) mm^(3)/(N·m)and its wear mechanism was mainly on adhesive wear.The relative density of Cu-15Ni-8Sn/graphite self-lubricating composites increased with the increase of graphite content while the maximum fracture strain and compressive strength of the composites showed an opposite trend.When the graphite content was 5%,the compressive strength of the composite was 614.6 MPa.This was due to the increase graphite content breaking the continuity of the internal matrix material.The hardness firstly increasing and then decreasing with the increase of graphite content maybe because a three dimensional microstructure was formed in the composite of 3%graphite content.In particular,the graphite content had little influence on the yield strength of the composites.The friction coefficient of the materials reduced significantly after adding graphite.The influence of load on the friction coefficient of the composites was little,and the friction coefficient of the composites with different graphite contents was about 0.1~0.2.The addition of graphite al

关 键 词：自润滑复合材料 CU-15NI-8SN 放电等离子烧结 抗压强度 磨粒磨损 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]