卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者健康需求调查的混合研究  

A mixed study of the needs of patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment no dementia

作　　者：焦萌 赵培玉 徐艳[3] 高思[4] 何旭东 屈简妮 郭红[1] Jiao Meng;Zhao Peiyu;Xu Yan;Gao Si;He Xudong;Qu Jianni;Guo Hong(School of Nursing,Bejing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Nursing.Beijing United Family Hospital,Beijing 100015,China;Department of Neurology,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Neurology,North District,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学护理学院,北京100029 [2]北京和睦家医院护理部,北京100015 [3]中日友好医院神经内科,北京100029 [4]中日友好医院北区神经内科,北京100029

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2024年第14期1105-1114,共10页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：北京中医药大学教改专项基金(XJYZ22006)。

摘　　要：目的了解卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者健康需求现状, 为开展针对性干预提供参考。方法采用聚敛式混合研究方法, 2023年3-8月, 以便利抽样法选取中日友好医院和北京中医药大学附属第三医院的卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者, 采用卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者健康需求问卷对191例患者进行横断面问卷调查;采用描述性质性研究对16例患者进行半结构式访谈。结果发放问卷191份, 回收有效问卷191份, 其中男103例, 女88例, 年龄34~90岁。卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者健康需求问卷的条目均分为(3.47 ± 0.54)分, 患者对了解康复方案的需求最高(148/191);多元线性回归分析显示性别、主要照顾者类型是其健康需求的影响因素(t= 2.39、2.73, 均P<0.05)。质性研究共访谈16例卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者, 男10例, 女6例, 年龄58~90岁。共提炼出4个主题, 分别为信息支持和行为指导需求、心理护理需求、社会支持需求、预立医疗照护计划需求。结论卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者健康需求处于中等偏上水平且具有多元化特点, 医护人员应基于患者具体情况和实际需求进行系统的健康管理, 帮助患者恢复或保持认知功能。Objective To understand the health needs of patients with non-dementia cognitive impairment after stroke,to provide reference for targeted interventions.Methods Using the convergent mixed research method,convenience sampling was used to select post-stroke patients with non-dementia cognitive impairment in China-Japan Friendship Hospital and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital,a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 191 patients with non-dementia cognitive impairment after stroke using the health needs questionnaire in March to August 2023.A descriptive study was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 16 patients.Results A total of 191 questionnaires were distributed and 191 valid questionnaires were collected,including 103 male and 88 female patients,aged from 34 to 90 years old.The items of the post-stroke health questionnaire were(3.47±0.54),with the highest need for understanding the rehabilitation program(148/191);multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender and primary caregiver type were factors influencing their health needs(t=2.39,2.73,both P<0.05).A total of 16 patients with non-dementia cognitive impairment after stroke,10 males and 6 females,aged from 58 to 90 years old,were interviewed.Four themes were extracted,namely,information support and behavioral guidance needs,psychological care needs,social support needs,and pre-established medical care plan needs.Conclusions The health needs of patients with non-dementia cognitive impairment after stroke are at an above medium level and have diversified characteristics.Medical staff should conduct systematic health management based on patients'specific conditions and actual needs to help patients recover or maintain cognitive function.

关 键 词：卒中 认知障碍 护理 健康需求 健康管理 混合研究 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]