星状神经节阻滞改善术后认知功能障碍研究进展  

Research progress on stellate ganglion block improving postoperative cognitive dysfunction

作　　者：薛茹月 李悦娴 孙德峰[1] XUE Ruyue;LI Yuexian;SUN Defeng(Department of Anesthesiology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116011,China)

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学附属第一医院麻醉科,辽宁大连116011

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2024年第11期1500-1504,共5页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(编号:2022JH2/101300018)。

摘　　要：术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)是老年患者麻醉后常见的并发症。POCD的特点是手术后注意力、学习能力和记忆力的急性或持续性损害。这种认知障碍不仅可能导致术后并发症增加、住院时间延长,还会增加社会负担并造成医疗资源的浪费。星状神经节阻滞(stellate ganglion block,SGB)是一种临床上常用的神经阻滞技术,主要通过注射局部麻醉药物来阻断星状神经节的神经信号,从而实现疼痛控制或治疗某些疾病的目的。本文总结了SGB改善POCD的作用机制,尤其是围绕调节脑血管、氧化应激及炎症反应等方面进行综述,以期为老年患者提供更加安全和有效的术后恢复途径,也可能为缓解POCD的负担开辟新的治疗途径。Postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)is a common complication affecting elderly patients after anaesthesia.It is characterised by acute or persistent impairments of attention,learning and memory after surgery.This cognitive disorder can lead not only to an increase in postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stays,but also to an increased societal burden and waste of medical resources.Stellate ganglion block(SGB)is a commonly used nerve block technique in clinical practice.It works to block neural signals from stellate ganglion to control pain or treat certain conditions primarily by injecting local anaesthetics.This article summarises the mechanisms by which SGB improves POCD,focusing on the regulation of cerebral vasculature,oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.It aims to provide elderly patients with an approach to safer and more effective postoperative recovery and seek new therapies to alleviate the burden of POCD.

关 键 词：星状神经节阻滞 术后认知功能障碍 氧化应激 炎症 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学]