父辈受教育程度会影响子代相对贫困吗?——基于中国家庭追踪调查的数据分析  

Does Parental Educational Attainment Affect Relative Poverty of Offspring:An Analysis Based on the 2010-2018 Chinese Household Tracking Survey

作　　者：赵红霞 张悦 姚秀点[1] Zhao Hongxia;Zhang Yue;Yao Xiudian(Normal College of Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学师范学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2024年第7期28-41,共14页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

基　　金：福建省社会科学基金重点项目“教育促进共同富裕的福建实践探索研究”(FJ2022A004)。

摘　　要：探寻教育减贫的实现路径是后扶贫时代发挥教育扶贫作用的关键。本研究旨在从群体差异视角探究父辈受教育程度对子代相对贫困的影响及其作用机制,以期为教育减贫实践提供一定的启发与理论指导。基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,通过对1143户配对家庭的父辈受教育程度、家庭规模以及相对贫困等变量的分析,结果发现:父亲和母亲受教育程度均影响子代相对贫困且具有跨时间稳定性,父辈的受教育程度越高,子代越不容易陷入相对贫困;从纵向发展趋势上看,父亲和母亲受教育程度会直接影响相对贫困的初始水平,然后通过家庭规模的初始水平产生间接影响,再影响相对贫困变化率;母亲受教育程度会直接影响相对贫困的初始水平,通过家庭规模的初始水平产生间接影响,再间接影响相对贫困变化率;父辈受教育程度越高,越能够有效控制家庭规模大小,从而减少其子女家庭落入相对贫困境地的可能性。总之,教育减贫作用存在显著的代际效应,应进一步强化教育在后贫困时代贫困治理中的长效作用。Exploring the pathway to achieve poverty reduction through education is crucial in the post-poverty era.This study aims to investigate the impact and mechanisms of parental education on the relative poverty of their offspring from the perspective of group differences.The goal is to provide insights and theoretical guidance for poverty reduction through education in the new era.Based on data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),an analysis of variables such as parental education,family size,and relative poverty in 1,143 paired households reveals the following results.First,both the educational level of fathers and mothers affect the relative poverty of their offspring and exhibit longitudinal stability.The higher the parental education level,the less likely their descendants are to fall into relative poverty.Second,looking at the longitudinal development trends,the educational level of fathers and mothers directly impacts the initial level of relative poverty.It then indirectly influences relative poverty rates through the initial level of family size.Third,the educational level of mothers directly affects the initial level of relative poverty and indirectly influences relative poverty rates through the initial level of family size.Last,higher levels of parental education enable better control over family size,reducing the likelihood of their children’s families falling into relative poverty.In summary,education has a significant intergenerational effect on poverty reduction.Efforts should be made to strengthen the long-term role of education in poverty governance in the post-poverty era.

关 键 词：父辈受教育程度 相对贫困 家庭规模 变化趋势 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学] F126[文化科学—教育技术学]