中华民族形象:基本涵义、理论类型与构建策略  

The Image of the Chinese Nation:Basic Meaning,Theoretical Types and Construction Strategies

作　　者：杨鹍飞 YANG Kunfei(Collaborative Innovation Center for China’s Western Frontier Security and Development,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国西部边疆安全与发展协同创新中心,四川成都610064

出　　处：《探索》2024年第3期24-36,共13页Probe

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“习近平总书记关于铸牢中华民族共同体意识重要论述研究”(22BMZ001),项目负责人:杨鹍飞。

摘　　要：中华民族形象既指涉国内外民众对中华民族整体或局部的认知、观念等主观心理印象,也指涉中华民族实体结构、文化传统、政治经济等物质文明、精神文明和政治文明发展变化及其程度所形成的声誉或信誉,是中华民族所创造的中华文明的软实力和中国国家硬实力的总和。中华民族主体性意识是中华民族从自在到自觉并实现民族复兴的内在动力。中华民族形象具有建构性,即可以通过语言、文字等方式塑造人们对中华民族形象的主观认知。中华民族形象的多维性是指由中华民族自身内部结构的多元性和评价主体自身主客观多重因素,共同决定了中华民族形象具有立体化、多面性和多元性特点。根据国族形象以硬实力所决定的可敬度和软实力所决定的可爱度高低,运用2×2矩阵类型学方法将国族形象划分为韬晦型、强硬型、魅力型和仁义型四大基本类型。国族形象构建存在四种基本模式:经济先导模式、军事优先模式、文化优先模式和均衡发展模式。基于此,提出中华民族形象构建的基本策略:提升国内外民众对中华民族正面形象的感知;积极参与国际事务和国际合作,塑造中国负责任大国的积极形象;综合运用人工智能等新兴技术手段,塑造正面直观的中华民族形象。The image of the Chinese nation not only refers to the overall or partial cognition,concept or subjective psychological impression of the“Chinese nation”by domestic and foreign people,but also refers to the material civilization,spiritual civilization and politics of the Chinese nation’s physical structure,cultural traditions,political economy and so on.The reputation or credibility formed by the development and changes of civilization and its degree is the sum of the soft power of Chinese civilization created by the Chinese nation and the hard power of the Chinese state.The consciousness of the subjectivity of the Chinese nation is the driving force for the Chinese nation to move from freedom to self-consciousness and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The image of the Chinese nation has constructive characteristics because it can shape people’s subjective cognition through language technology and other methods.The multidimensionality of the Chinese nation’s image refers to the three-dimensional,multi-faceted or pluralistic characteristics of the Chinese nation’s image that are jointly determined by the“diversity”of the Chinese nation’s own internal structure and the subjective and objective factors of the evaluation subject itself.According to the respectability of the national image determined by hard power and the cuteness determined by soft power,the 2×2 matrix typology method was used to divide the national image into four types:Tao Hui type,stridency type,charming type and benevolent type.According to the basic types of national image,there are the following four basic transformation paths:economic priority model,military priority model,culture priority model and balanced development model.Based on this,the basic strategies for building the image of the Chinese nation are proposed.Firstly,to enhance the positive perception of China by domestic and foreign people.Secondly,to actively participate in international affairs and international cooperation,and to shape a positi

关 键 词：国族形象 中华民族形象 软实力 中华民族共同体 

分 类 号：D633[政治法律—政治学]