弹性车轮动刚度与随机振动疲劳仿真分析  

A Fatigue Simulation Analysis of Dynamic Stiffness and Random Vibration of Resilient Wheels

作　　者：王俊杰 邱显焱[1] WANG Junjie;QIU Xianyan(College of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学机械工程学院,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《湖南工业大学学报》2024年第5期62-69,共8页Journal of Hunan University of Technology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ50045)。

摘　　要：在城市轨道交通中,弹性车轮作为列车的主要承载部件,在减振降噪方面发挥着极大的作用。为了进一步探究某型弹性车轮相对于刚性车轮在减振降噪方面的优势,在弹性车轮建模方法和对弹性车轮中橡胶材料本构模型研究的基础上,利用Hypermesh软件建立了弹性车轮和刚性车轮的有限元模型,基于Optistruct模块对弹性车轮和刚性车轮的动刚度进行仿真分析,得出了两者在相同测试点的速度、加速度频率响应曲线,结果表明弹性车轮在高频率区间内具有显著的减振效果。另外在Ansys软件中对该型弹性车轮在随机振动条件下的疲劳寿命进行了预测,通过分析车轮的等效应力分布云图和疲劳寿命分布云图,对弹性车轮应力集中部位进行尺寸改进,结果表明改进后弹性车轮的疲劳寿命显著提高。Due to the fact that in urban rail transit,elastic wheels,as the main load-bearing components of trains,play a great role in vibration reduction and noise reduction;in view of a further inquiry into the advantages of a certain type of elastic wheel in vibration reduction and noise reduction compared to rigid wheels,and on the basis of the elastic wheel modelling method and the study of the ontological model of rubber materials in the elastic wheels,a finite element model of elastic wheels and rigid wheels has thus been established by using Hypermesh software.Based on the Optistruct module,a simulation analysis has been made of the dynamic stiffness of elastic and rigid wheels,thus obtaining the speed and acceleration frequency response curves of both at the same test point.The results show that elastic wheels have significant vibration reduction effects in the high-frequency range.In addition,a prediction has been made of the fatigue life of this type of elastic wheel under random vibration conditions by using Ansys software.After an analysis of the equivalent stress distribution cloud map and fatigue life distribution cloud map of the wheel,dimensional improvements are made to the stress concentration areas of the elastic wheel,with the results showing that the fatigue life of the improved elastic wheel is characterized with a significant improvement.

关 键 词：弹性车轮 动刚度 有限元分析 随机振动 疲劳寿命分析 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]