塔里木盆地深部寒武系复杂地层钻井液技术  

Drilling Fluid Technology for Complex Deep Cambrian Formations in Tarim Basin

作　　者：金军斌 董晓强 王伟吉 张杜杰 JIN Junbin;DONG Xiaoqiang;WANG Weiji;ZHANG Dujie(State Energy Key Laboratory for Carbonate Oil and Gas,Beijing,102206,China;Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,102206,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源碳酸盐岩油气重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中石化石油工程技术研究院有限公司,北京102206

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2024年第2期165-173,共9页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

基　　金：中国石化科技攻关项目“特深层安全高效钻井关键技术”(编号:P21081-2)资助。

摘　　要：塔里木盆地寒武系复杂地层具有超深、超高温、超高压及岩性、流体和应力复杂等地质特征,钻井过程中白云岩破碎性地层垮塌、薄层膏岩溶解导致井壁失稳及钻井液污染、钻井液高温稳定性差等问题突出。基于理论分析,提出了“合理密度支撑、随钻多级封堵及封闭浆静态强化”破碎性地层防塌、“欠饱和、低滤失”含膏白云岩地层防卡、“聚合物、磺化材料协同抗温”调控钻井液高温性能的钻井液技术对策。采用抗高温封堵防塌剂、抗高温抗盐聚合物降滤失剂、多尺度宽尺度粒径随钻封堵防塌处理剂、磺化处理剂和抗高温高效润滑剂作为关键处理剂,通过室内试验优选了SMDP-2抗高温抗盐降滤失剂,确定了封堵防塌材料配方和SMJH-1润滑剂最优加量,构建了耐温200℃的抗高温强封堵欠饱和盐水钻井液。该钻井液在QSH1井等3口井进行了应用,表现出良好的抑制性、封堵防塌性和高温稳定性,实现了复杂地层快速钻进。其中,QSH1井下丘里塔格组及阿瓦塔格组井段日平均渗漏量较邻井降低45.6%,井眼扩大率为9.52%,电测、下套管均一次顺利到底,钻井周期缩短30.32%。研究结果表明,该钻井液技术可有效解决温度200℃以内的塔里木盆地寒武系复杂地层钻井液技术难点,为该类地层安全快速钻井提供了技术保障。The complex Cambrian formations in Tarim Basin exhibit complex geological characteristics such as large depth,ultra-high temperature,ultra-high pressure,complex lithology,fluids,and stress.Prominent issues during drilling include the collapse of fractured dolomite formations,instability of wellbore due to dissolution of thin gypsum layers,drilling fluid contamination,and poor stability of high-temperature drilling fluids.Based on theoretical analysis,strategy for preventing the collapse of fractured formations through“reasonable density support,multi-stage plugging while drilling,and static reinforcement with closed mud,”strategy for avoiding sticking in“unsaturated and lowfiltration loss”gypsum-containing dolomite formations,and strategy for controlling high-temperature performance of drilling fluids through“polymer and sulphonation material synergy against temperature”were proposed.Key treatment agents such as high-temperature resistant plugging and collapse prevention agents,high-temperature resistant and salt-resistant polymer filtration reducers,multi-scale wide-size particle plugging and collapse prevention treatment agents,sulphonation treatment agents,and high-temperature resistant and efficient lubricants were used.Through laboratory experiments,SMDP-2 high-temperature resistant and salt-resistant filtration reducer was selected as the optimal agent,and the formulation of plugging and collapse prevention materials was determined.The optimal dosage of SMJH-1 lubricant was identified and high-temperature resistant,strong plugging,and unsaturated saltwater drilling fluid system capable of withstanding temperatures up to 200℃was constructed.This drilling fluid has been applied in three wells including Well QSH1,demonstrating good inhibitory properties,plugging and collapse prevention properties,and high-temperature stability,achieving rapid drilling through complex formations.In Well QSH1,the average daily leakage rate of the Lower Qulitalik and Awatagulik formations decreased by 45.6%compared

关 键 词：寒武系 破碎地层 白云岩 井壁垮塌 欠饱和盐水钻井液 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]