截干对青钱柳生长及主要药用活性成分积累的影响  

Effect of Stump Treatment on Medicinal Active Ingredients and Growth of Cyclocarya paliurus

作　　者：谢涛 田秀 袁丛军 田凡 霍达 姜霞 XIE Tao;TIAN Xiu;YUAN Congjun;TIAN Fan;HUO Da;JIANG Xia(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,Guizhou,China;Institute of Mountain Resources Company of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵州舆地科技有限公司,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《贵州林业科技》2024年第2期6-11,49,共7页Guizhou Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目“青钱柳叶用型定向培育关键技术研究与示范”(黔科合支撑[2020]4Y117号)、“贵州林下经济研究创新能力建设”(黔科合服企[2020]4010)。

摘　　要：探索截干对叶用型青钱柳生长、叶片产量及其主要药用活性成分积累的影响,为青钱柳生长和品质保障提供技术支撑。以三年生青钱柳幼树为试验材料,在生长环境相同的条件下设置5种不同的截干高度,研究其对青钱柳表型性状与总黄酮、总三萜积累的影响。截干处理后,测定后期各表型性状的增长速率明显高于前期;树高、地径、冠幅、枝下高和总黄酮含量随截干高度的增加而增加,总三萜含量变化趋势则相反;截干促进了侧枝萌发,侧枝数量、最长侧枝长度和单株叶片产量在截干高度为100 cm时达到峰值。相关性分析结果表明:叶片产量、总三萜含量与侧枝数量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),总黄酮含量与树高、地径等呈显著正相关(P<0.05),说明截干可通过调控树高、地径生长和侧枝萌发,影响叶片产量和总黄酮、总三萜含量的积累。截干对青钱柳的生长、叶片产量及其药用活性成分积累有显著的影响,适宜的截干高度对青钱柳幼树叶片增产和药用活性物质的积累具有促进作用,距地面100 cm是三年生青钱柳幼树的最适合截干高度。Cyclocarya paliurus is one of the most important tree species with the medicinal,timber and ornamental use in southern China.This study aims to explore the effects of stump treatment on the growth,leaf yield,and the accumulation of major medicinal active ingredients of Cyclocarya paliurus.Three-year-old Cyclocarya paliurus saplings were taken as the research materials.Five treatments were set as the different heights of stump under the similar conditions.A systematic investigation was made to explore the phenotypic traits and the accumulation of total flavonoids and total triterpenoids of C.paliurus saplings.The results showed that the growth rate of each phenotypic trait was significantly higher than that before stump treatment.There was the increase in the tree height,ground diameter,crown width,clear bole height and total content of flavonoid,with the increase of stump height,whereas,there was the decrease in the total content of triterpene.The length of the longest lateral branch was promoted with the germination and number of lateral branches,as well as the peak of leaf yield per plant,when the height of stump was 100 cm.Furthermore,correlation analysis showed that the leaf yield and total content of triterpene were significantly positively correlated with the number of lateral branches(P<0.05),and the total content of flavonoid was significantly positively correlated with tree height and ground diameter(P<0.05).The tree height,ground diameter and the germination of lateral branches were utilized to improve the leaf yield and the total flavonoid and total triterpene.Particularly,the optimal height of stump can be expected to improve the growth,leaf yield and medicinal active ingredients of C.paliurus saplings.Among them,the most optimal height was achieved in 100 cm from the ground for three-year-old C.paliurus saplings.The finding can also provide the technical support to the growth and quality of Cyclocarya paliurus.

关 键 词：青钱柳 药用活性成分 苗木管理 截干 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]