不同高原油茶无性系的生长性状对比研究  

A Comparison of Growth Traits Between Camellia weiningensis and Camellia pitardii Clones

作　　者：霍达 曾钦朦 胡蕖 魏莹莹 朱亚艳 HUO Da;ZENG Qinmeng;HU Qu;WEI Yingying;ZHU Yayan(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《贵州林业科技》2024年第2期25-29,42,共6页Guizhou Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技厅支撑项目“贵州高原山地威宁短柱油茶优良无性系选育”(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y061号);贵州省基础研究计划项目“西南红山茶油用优质种质资源鉴定与评价”(黔科合基础〔2017〕1097);贵州省特色林业产业项目“贵州本地油茶良种选育”(特林研2020-15)。

摘　　要：为在贵州高山地区筛选出适应性强的油茶优良无性系,本研究对15个高原油茶优良无性系进行生长性状对比试验,通过不同无性系间的生长差异、生长量变化及生长性状间的相关性分析。结果表明:10个西南红山茶无性系的生长指标均值高于5个威宁短柱油茶,通过2年的观察,15个无性系中KY-1和CH15-2的平均嫁接径、嫁接高、枝条长度及花朵数较高。通过生长量变化发现,KY-1的嫁接径增长量最大,为10.34 mm,JCP-5的嫁接高和花朵数增长量最大,分别为130.8 cm和32朵,BG-6的枝条长度增长量最大,为31.9 cm。各生长性状间的相关性均存在正相关,且随着林龄的增加,生长性状间的相关性呈增长趋势。本研究从西南红山茶和威宁短柱油茶中分别选出1个早期的优良无性系,分别是KY-1和CH15-2,从西南红山茶中选出2个早期的候选优良无性系,分别为JCP-5和BG-6。本研究为贵州高海拔地区发展油茶产业提供繁育材料,为优良品种选育提供参考依据。This study aims to select the optimal Camellia oleifera clones with the strong adaptability in Guizhou alpine region.15 superior clones were collected to compare their indicators of growth.A correlation analysis was then made on the growth traits of Camellia weiningensis and Camellia pitardii clones.The results showed that the average growth indexes in the10 Camellia pitardii clones were higher than those in the five clones of Camellia weiningensis.There was the increase in the average grafting diameter,grafting height,length of branch,and number of flowers for the KY-1 and CH15-2 of 15 clones over two years.The growth also demonstrate that the KY-1 shared the largest increment of grafting diameter(10.34 mm),while the JCP-5 had the largest increment of grafting height and flower number(130.8 cm and 32,respectively),and the BG-6 had the largest increment of branch length(31.9 cm).There was a positive correlation between the growth traits,indicating an increasing trend with the increase of forest age.As such,the early superior clone was achieved from Camellia sinensi(KY-1)and Camellia weiningensis(CH15-2),while two early candidate superior clones were from Camellia sinensi(JCP-5 and BG-6).This finding can provide the breeding varieties for the development of Camellia oleifera industry in high altitude areas.

关 键 词：西南红山茶 威宁短柱油茶 无性系 生长性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S722.5[农业科学—林学]