分子印迹聚合物人工酶在催化降解有机磷酸酯神经毒剂中的应用  

Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Artificial Enzyme in Catalytic Degradation Detoxification of Organophosphate Nerve Poison

作　　者：牛雅琳 江鹏 郭天瑛[1] NIU Ya-lin;JIANG Peng;GUO Tian-ying(Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials,Ministry of Education,Institute of Polymer Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]功能高分子材料教育部重点实验室,南开大学高分子化学研究所,天津300071

出　　处：《离子交换与吸附》2024年第2期115-126,I0002,共13页Ion Exchange and Adsorption

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号50978138)。

摘　　要：有机磷酸酯毒剂是农业生产中被广泛使用的农药,也是战场上被违法滥用的化武毒剂,其自降解速率极慢,在环境中的积累会对人类及其他动物的生命安全构成严重威胁。分子印迹聚合物人工酶具有优良的物理化学稳定性,在有机磷酸酯毒剂催化清除上具有广阔的应用前景,是当前的研究热点。文章首先介绍分子印迹聚合物人工酶催化降解有机磷酸酯毒剂的基本原理,重点阐述了近年来分子印迹聚合物人工酶作为一种人工磷酸酯酶在组成、结构、材料形貌设计以及催化降解有机磷酸酯方面的研究进展。Organophosphate toxicants(OPs)are extensively utilized in agricultural practices and illicitly employed on the battlefield.Their slow degradation rate leading to an environmental accumulation,thus poses a significant threat to human and animal safety.Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs),as artificial enzymes,as a current research focus,exhibit exceptional physical and chemical stability,offering promising prospects for catalytic detoxification of organophosphates.This paper elucidates the fundamental principles underlying molecularly imprinted enzyme-like polymers for catalytic degradation of OPs while highlighting recent advancements in composition,structure,material morphology design,and catalytic degradation of OPs using molecularly imprinted polymers as artificial phosphatases.

关 键 词：分子印迹聚合物 人工磷酸酯酶 催化降解 有机磷酸酯毒剂 

分 类 号：O631.3[理学—高分子化学]