密度控制和追肥对杉木近熟林改培大径材林的效应分析  

Analysis of the Impact of Density Control and Fertilization on the Transformation of Near-mature Forest into Large-diameter Chinese Fir Trees

作　　者：胡德活[1] 郑会全[1] 韦如萍[1] 晏姝[1] 王润辉[1] 彭华贵 曾庆团 周志平 Hu Dehuo;Zheng Huiquan;Wei Ruping;Yan Shu;Wang Runhui;Peng Huagui;Zeng Qingtuan;Zhou Zhiping(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Tianjingshan State-owned Forest Farm,Shaoguan 512725,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室/广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520 [2]广东省天井山林场,广东韶关512725

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2024年第3期9-14,32,共7页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题(2016YFD0600301)。

摘　　要：为构建南岭山区杉木大径材高效培育技术体系,提高大径材产量与质量,将现有林分改培为大径材林是切实可行的途径。本研究以杉木近熟林为对象,采用正交设计进行疏伐与配方施肥改培试验研究。结果表明:在杉木树高-胸径生长模型研究中,幂函数模型有较好的拟合效果,是最理想的树高-胸径生长模型选择;杉木近熟林改培后第3年,处理前、后各材种变化总体呈现出小、中径材逐步减少,大径材逐步增加的趋势,大径材增量最大的是处理2。影响处理前后树高、胸径和单株材积增量的因子效应大小依次为追施尿素、追施过磷酸钙、保留密度,影响大径材出材量及出材率增量的试验因子有差异,增加大径材出材量和提高大径材出材率的最优组合一致。试验结果表明,当密度处于中等或中等偏高水平、尿素和过磷酸钙均处于中等水平时,最利于提高大径材出材量和出材率。To establish an effective cultivation technology system for producing large-diameter Chinese fir wood in the Nanling Mountain area and enhance the yield and quality of the wood,it is viable to transform the current stands into large-diameter wood forests.In this study,the near mature forest of Chinese fir was selected as the focus,and an experiment involving thinning and formula fertilization was conducted using an orthogonal design.The results indicated that the power function model demonstrated superior fitting capabilities when studying the height-DBH growth model of Chinese fir,making it the optimal choice for this analysis.After three years of cultivating Chinese fir near mature forest,there was a gradual decrease in small and medium diameter timber and a gradual increase in large diameter timber before and after treatment.The largest increment of large diameter timber was seen in treatment 2.The study found that the application of urea had the greatest impact on tree height,diameter at breast height(DBH),and volume increment per plant,followed by superphosphate application and retention density.There were significant differences in the factors affecting the increment of yield volume and yield rate of large-diameter wood.The optimal combination of increasing the yield of large-diameter wood and enhancing the yield of large-diameter wood remained consistent.The results of the experiment in this study area showed that the yield volume and yield rate of large-diameter wood saw the most significant improvement when the density of near-mature Chinese fir forest was at a medium or high-medium level,with urea and superphosphate both at a medium level.

关 键 词：杉木 近熟林 大径材培育 密度控制 施肥控制 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]