贵州省外来入侵植物区系分析  

Floristic Analysis of Alien Invasive Plants in Guizhou Province

作　　者：席静 殷根深 李绍香 王涛 李志 牛燕芬 郭浩涛 Xi Jing;Yin Genshen;Li Shaoxiang;Wang Tao;Li zhi;Niu Yanfen;Guo Haotao(College of Agriculture and Life Science,Kunming University,Kunming 650214,Yunnan,China;College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院农学与生命科学学院,云南昆明650214 [2]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2024年第3期85-92,共8页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(XNYB17-7);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202211393006)。

摘　　要：以贵州省的外来入侵维管植物为评估对象,通过实地调研与数字标本查询的方式整理贵州省外来入侵植物名录,并对其科属种组成、危害等级、区系成分、原产地及生活型进行了分析。结果表明:(1)贵州省共有35科109属144种入侵植物,总数排名前三的科分别是菊科(25属29种)、豆科(13属17种)和苋科(8属13种);(2)危害等级Ⅰ级的入侵植物有16种,Ⅱ级的有27种,Ⅲ级的有22种,Ⅳ级的有32种,Ⅴ级的有47种;(3)贵州省外来入侵植物区系成分较为简单,具有明显的热带分布特点,其占科、属、种比例分别为57.14%、55.96%和61.00%;(4)有高达82.0%的外来入侵植物来自美洲;(5)草本植物占绝对优势,比例达80.56%。综上所述,贵州省外来入侵植物以热带美洲的草本植物为主,需要对具有相关特点的物种保持高度警惕。For this study,we focused on the alien invasive plants found in Guizhou province.We compiled a list of invasive plants in the province by conducting field research and digital specimen inquiry.We then analyzed the species composition,hazard grade,taxonomic composition,origin,and life type of these plants.The findings reveal that there were 144 species belonging to 109 genera across 35 families in Guizhou Province.Among the total number of foreign invasive plants,the top three families were Asteraceae(29 species in 25 genera),Fabaceae(17 species in 13 genera),and Amaranthaceae(13 species in 8 genera).Additionally,there were 16 species classified as gradeⅠ,27 as gradeⅡ,22 as gradeⅢ,32 as gradeⅣ,and 47 as gradeⅤ.Furthermore,the composition of foreign invasive plant species in Guizhou province was quite simple and exhibited clear tropical distribution traits,with percentages of 57.14%,55.96%,and 61.00%at the family,genus,and species levels,respectively.Additionally,a significant majority of 82.0%of invasive plants originated from the Americas.Herbaceous plants held a dominant position,accounting for 80.56%of the total.Our research revealed that the invasive plants in Guizhou province are predominantly herbaceous plants originating from tropical America.As such,it is crucial to stay alert for species with similar traits.

关 键 词：贵州省 外来入侵植物 区系分析 植物多样性 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护] Q948[生物学—植物学]